In-vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Isolates from Urine in Butembo, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine the isolates from urine cultures at patients suspected with urinary tract infection and their in-vitro susceptibility pattern to antimicrobials at the Central Laboratory of Research of the "Université Catholique du Graben" (UCG) in ButemboMethodology: This was a cross-sectional study adopting a descriptive approach, conducted from January, 2015 to December, 2016. Six hundred and seventeen patients were screened. Freshly voided mid-stream urine sample were taken according to standard method. Isolation of the microbial agents of urinary tract infections was done on blood agar and MacConkey agar media. The culture was repeated in contrast with significant bacteria and urinalysis if the isolate at the first culture is known non-pathogenic. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by using disk diffusion (Kirby Bauer's) technique.Results: Out of the 617 patients screened, the culture was positive in 77.3% (477 cases). The most isolated bacteria from urine culture were Staphylococcus aureus (47%), Streptococcus spp (12%), Escherischia coli (10.9%), Moraxella spp (7.5%) and Bacillus spp (2.3%). Antibiotics which were sensible to three or more isolates were ciprofloxacin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime and vancomycin. It was also observed that all the bacterial species have a Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Index greater than 0.2. Conclusion:Continuous monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates implicated in urinary tract infections is needed seeing the high Multiple Antibiotics Resistance Indices of all samples isolates. And this should be prior to antibiotic prescription in order to ensure an optimal, desired and cost-effectiveness treatment. For empiric treatment of urinary tract infections in Butembo, we suggested ciprofloxacin, cefuroxime and cefotaxime as the first line antibiotics of choice.