In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Pyridonecarboxylic Acids against Fish Pathogens

Nakano, Satoru; Aoki, Takashi; Kitao, Tadatoshi

doi:10.1577/1548-8667(1989)001<0043:ivaaop>2.3.co;2

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…salmonicida. However, the cross-resis- (2,3,25), have lower resistance mutation frequencies (25,30), and exhibit better in vitro bactericidal activity (3,21) against bacterial species pathogenic to fish than do the old 4-quinolones. Only preliminary pharmacokinetic and efficacy studies with fish are available for the fluoroquinolones (11,13,16).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aminopenicillins, several sulfonamide-trimethoprim combinations, chloramphenicol analogs such as thiamphenicol and florfenicol, and potent fluoroquinolones have all been proposed and tested as potential new drug candidates (2,3,12,16,21,24,25,30).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have also revealed that the newer compounds show increased potency (2,25), as well as more effective bactericidal activity (3,21), against bacteria pathogenic to fish.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Temperature-dependent in vitro antimicrobial activity of four 4-quinolones and oxytetracycline against bacteria pathogenic to fish

Martinsen

Oppegaard

Wichstrøm

et al. 1992

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The in vitro antimicrobial activities of oxolinic acid, flumequine, sarafloxacin, enrofloxacin, and oxytetracycline against strains of bacteria pathogenic to fish (Aerononas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, atypical A. salmonicida, Vibrio sabnonicida, Vibrio anguillarum, and Yersinia ruckeri) were determined at two different incubation temperatures, 4 and 15°C, by a drug microdilution method. The main objective of the study was to examine the effect of incubation temperature on the in vitro activities of 4-quinolones and oxytetracycline against these bacteria. When tested against A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, all of the quinolones examined had MICs two-to threefold higher at 4°C than at 15°C. Similarly, 1.5-to 2-fold higher MICs were recorded for all of the quinolones except sarafloxacin at 4°C than at 15°C when the drugs were tested against V. salmonicida. In contrast to those of the quinolones, the MICs of oxytetracycline were two-to eightfold lower at 4°C than at 15°C against all of the bacterial species tested. Of the antimicrobial agents tested against the bacterial species included in the study, enrofloxacin was the most active and oxytetracycline was the least active. Sarafloxacin was slightly more active than flumequine and oxolinic acid, especially against oxolinic acid-resistant A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida strains.In recent years, the 4-quinolone antimicrobial compounds oxolinic acid and flumequine, in addition to oxytetracycline, and sulfadiazine-trimethoprim, have been the most frequently used antimicrobial agents in Norwegian aquaculture (18,23).Substantial development of oxolinic acid and tetracycline resistance in bacteria pathogenic to fish (2, 19, 29, 31) has led to a need for new antimicrobial drugs for control of bacterial fish diseases in aquaculture. Aminopenicillins, several sulfonamide-trimethoprim combinations, chloramphenicol analogs such as thiamphenicol and florfenicol, and potent fluoroquinolones have all been proposed and tested as potential new drug candidates (2,3,12,16,21,24,25,30).Several of the new fluoroquinolones generated during the last decade (32) show increased inhibitory (6, 15) and bactericidal (4) activities in vitro against many bacterial pathogens, compared with the old 4-quinolones, such as nalidixic acid and oxolinic acid. Studies have also revealed that the newer compounds show increased potency (2, 25), as well as more effective bactericidal activity (3, 21), against bacteria pathogenic to fish.Along the Norwegian coastline, there are significant seasonal and geographic seawater temperature variations, from just above zero in the winter to well above 18°C in the summer at the same site. The most common bacterial fish diseases in Norway, furunculosis, vibriosis, cold water vibriosis, bacterial kidney disease, yersiniosis, and infections caused by different strains of atypical Aeromonas salmonicida, may all occur at a wide range of temperatures.The general influence of temperature on the pharmacoki-

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Temperature-dependent in vitro antimicrobial activity of four 4-quinolones and oxytetracycline against bacteria pathogenic to fish

Martinsen

Oppegaard

Wichstrøm

et al. 1992

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Nakano et al (1989) found that the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of newer quinolones were lower compared to earlier quinolones, against Listonella anguillarum (formerly Vibrio anguil larum), Pasteurella piscicida, Edwardsiella tarda, and Enterococcus seriorlicida (formerly Streptococ cus sp.). The newer quinolone, A-56620 (sara floxacin) has shown efficacy as a bath treatment against experimental Aeromonas salmonicida infec tion in chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Markwardt and Klontz, 1989).…”

Section: Quinolonementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The newer quinolone, A-56620 (sara floxacin) has shown efficacy as a bath treatment against experimental Aeromonas salmonicida infec tion in chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Markwardt and Klontz, 1989). Resistance de velopment to newer quinolones has been shown to be lower than to earlier quinolones in some fish pathogens (Nakano et al, 1989 ;Stamm, 1989 ;Tsoumas et al, 1989).…”

Section: Quinolonementioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Activity of Quinolone antibacterials against Selected Fish Pathogens.

1992

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A comparison was made of the in vitro activities of five quinolone antibacterials (nalidixic acid, piromidic acid, oxolinic acid, flumiquine and miloxacin) currently used in aquaculture in Japan and five newer quinolones (ofloxacin, norfloxacin, enoxacin, ciprofloxacin and tosufloxacin), against selected fish bacterial pathogens.Of the earlier quinolones, flumiquine and oxolinic acid showed the highest bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities against Gram-negatives.The newer quinolones, however, showed considerably higher activities, with ciprofloxacin and tosufloxacin most active. The newer quinolones were also active against strains resistant to the earlier quinolones. Gram positive bacteria were resistant to all the earlier quinolones, but some strains were sensitive to the newer quinolones, particularly to ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and tosufloxacin.The activities of the newer quinolones were found to be less affected by serum, pH or the addition of magnesium, than the earlier quinolones. The newer quinolones were considered to have potential for the treatment of Gram-negative, and possibly Gram-positive, bacterial fish pathogens.

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Single dose kinetic study of sarafloxacin after intravenous and oral administration of different formulations to Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) held in sea water at 8.5°C

et al. 1993

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In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Pyridonecarboxylic Acids against Fish Pathogens

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Temperature-dependent in vitro antimicrobial activity of four 4-quinolones and oxytetracycline against bacteria pathogenic to fish

Temperature-dependent in vitro antimicrobial activity of four 4-quinolones and oxytetracycline against bacteria pathogenic to fish

In Vitro Activity of Quinolone antibacterials against Selected Fish Pathogens.

Single dose kinetic study of sarafloxacin after intravenous and oral administration of different formulations to Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) held in sea water at 8.5°C

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