In vitro antimicrobial activity of benzoyl peroxide against Propionibacterium acnes assessed by a novel susceptibility testing method

Okamoto, Kyoichi; Ikeda, Fumiaki; Kanayama, Shoji; Nakajima, Ayako; Matsumoto, Takuya; Ishii, Ritsuko; Umehara, Masatoshi; Gotoh, Naomasa; Hayashi, Noritaka; Iyoda, Takako; Matsuzaki, Kaoru; Matsumoto, Satoru; Kawashima, Makoto

doi:10.1016/j.jiac.2015.12.010

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Benzoyl peroxide itself does not show potent antimicrobial activity, according to previously reported studies on 44 clinical isolates of C. acnes the MIC of BPO ranged between 128 and 256 μg/ml for all the isolates (Okamoto et al, 2016a;Okamoto et al, 2016b). In this study, the MIC was reported as 31.25 μg/ml against the type strain of C. acnes (ATCC 6919), which is particularly more susceptible to antimicrobial compounds.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Activity and Interaction With Benzoyl Peroxidesupporting

confidence: 43%

Exploring the Anti-Acne Potential of Impepho [Helichrysum odoratissimum (L.) Sweet] to Combat Cutibacterium acnes Virulence

et al. 2020

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The Gram-positive bacterium Cutibacterium acnes (previously Propionibacterium acnes), plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of the dermatological skin disorder acne vulgaris. The methanolic extract of Helichrysum odoratissimum (L.) Sweet (HO-MeOH) was investigated for its ability to target bacterial growth and pathogenic virulence factors associated with acne progression. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of HO-MeOH identified a-humulene (3.94%), acurcumene (3.74%), and caryophyllene (8.12%) as major constituents, which correlated with previous reports of other Helichrysum species. The HO-MeOH extract exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against C. acnes (ATCC 6919) with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 7.81 µg/ml. It enhanced the antimicrobial activity of benzoyl peroxide (BPO). The extract showed high specificity against C. acnes cell aggregation at sub-inhibitory concentrations, preventing biofilm formation. Mature C. acnes biofilms were disrupted at a sub-inhibitory concentration of 3.91 µg/ml. At 100 µg/ml, HO-MeOH reduced interleukin-1a (IL-1a) cytokine levels in C. acnes-induced human keratinocytes (HaCaT) by 11.08%, highlighting its potential as a comedolytic agent for the treatment of comedonal acne. The extract exhibited a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) of 157.50 µg/ ml against lipase enzyme activity, an enzyme responsible for sebum degradation, ultimately causing inflammation. The extract's anti-inflammatory activity was tested against various targets associated with inflammatory activation by the bacterium. The extract inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokine levels of IL-8 by 48.31% when compared to C. acnes-induced HaCaT cells at 7.81 µg/ml. It exhibited cyclooxygenase-II (COX-II) enzyme inhibition with an IC 50 of 22.87 µg/ml. Intracellular nitric oxide (NO) was inhibited by 40.39% at 7.81 µg/ml when compared with NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)induced RAW264.7 cells. The intracellular NO inhibition was potentially due to the 2.14 fold reduction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression. The HO-MeOH extract exhibited an IC 50 of 145.45 µg/ml against virulent hyaluronidase enzyme activity, Frontiers in Pharmacology | www.frontiersin.org January 2020 | Volume 10 | Article 1559 1 which is responsible for hyaluronan degradation and scar formation. This study provides scientific validation for the traditional use of H. odoratissimum as an ointment for pimples, not only due to its ability to control C. acnes proliferation but also due to its inhibitory activity on various targets associated with bacterial virulence leading to acne progression.

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Section: Antimicrobial Activity and Interaction With Benzoyl Peroxidesupporting

confidence: 43%

Exploring the Anti-Acne Potential of Impepho [Helichrysum odoratissimum (L.) Sweet] to Combat Cutibacterium acnes Virulence

et al. 2020

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“…Okamoto et al (Okamoto et al, 2016) also reported the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for BPO in the range of 128 to 256 µg/ml while investigating in vitro activity of BPO against P. acnes, and Gupta et al determined BPO's MIC-value for S. epidermidis to be 28 µg/ml (Gupta et al, 2014). Based on these evidences, our liposome formulation containing approximately 750 µg/ml BPO should have a sufficiently high concentration to demonstrate a pronounced effect against both P. acne and S. epidermidis.…”

Section: Influence Of Liposomal Bpo and Cam On Cell Viabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful co-encapsulation of benzoyl peroxide and chloramphenicol in liposomes by a novel manufacturing method - dual asymmetric centrifugation

Ingebrigtsen

Škalko‐Basnet

Jacobsen

et al. 2017

European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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Encapsulation of more than one active pharmaceutical ingredient into nanocarriers such as liposomes is an attractive approach to achieve a synergic drug effect and less complicated dosing schedules in multi-drug treatment regimes. Liposomal drug delivery in acne treatment may improve drug efficiency by targeted delivery to pilosebaceous units, reduce adverse effects and improve patient compliance. We therefore aimed to co-encapsulate benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and chloramphenicol (CAM) into liposomes using the novel liposome processing method - dual asymmetric centrifugation (DAC). Liposomes were formed from soybean lecithin, propylene glycol and distilled water (2:1:2w/v/v ratio), forming a viscous liposome dispersion. Liposomes containing both drugs (BPO-CAM-Lip), single drug (BPO-Lip and CAM-Lip), and empty liposomes were prepared. Drug entrapment of BPO and CAM was determined by a newly developed HPLC method for simultaneous detection and quantification of both drugs. Encapsulation of around 50% for BPO and 60% for CAM respectively was obtained in both single-drug encapsulated formulations (BPO-Lip and CAM-Lip) and co-encapsulated formulations (BPO-CAM-Lip). Liposome sizes were comparable for all liposome formulations, ranging from 130 to 150nm mean diameter, with a polydispersity index <0.2 for all formulations. CAM exhibited a sustained release from all liposomal formulations, whereas BPO appeared retained within the liposomes. BPO retention could be attributed to its poor solubility. However, HaCaT cell toxicity was found dependent on BPO released from the liposomes. In the higher concentration range (4%v/v), liposomal formulations were less cytotoxic than the corresponding drug solutions used as reference. We have demonstrated that DAC is a fast, easy, suitable method for encapsulation of more than one drug within the same liposomes.

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“… 6 , 28 It is more effective and acts faster than topical antibiotics against P. acnes . 32 , 33 In addition, it is also known to have effects on yeasts. 28 It has been demonstrated that there is no difference between 2.5% and 5% BPO with respect to antibacterial effects; however, higher concentrations are much more irritating.…”

Section: Adapalene–bpo Fixed Combination In the Treatment Of Acnementioning

confidence: 99%

New developments in acne treatment: role of combination adapalene–benzoylperoxide

Kim¹,

Ochsendorf²

2016

TCRM

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The fixed-dose combination adapalene 0.1%/benzoylperoxide 2.5% (A/BPO) was introduced as an acne vulgaris therapeutic in 2007. It combines anti-inflammatory, keratolytic, comedolytic, and antibacterial properties. Thus, it addresses several pathophysiological factors involved in the pathophysiology of acne. This review highlights the rationale for the use of this fixed-dose combination product, its therapeutic efficacy including effects on adherence and quality of life, its use for different forms of acne, and the side-effect profile. In summary, the fixed-dose combination of A/BPO gel can be regarded as a highly effective and safe formulation. It is not associated with antibiotic resistance. It reduces factors that cause nonadherence and has positive effects on the quality of life of affected patients. The tolerance is good. The initial mild irritation potential can be addressed by adequate counseling. A/BPO can be used for all forms of inflammatory acne, including severe forms, as part of a combination with systemic antibiotics. Finally, it can also be used for the long-term treatment of chronic acne. Thus, it is a very valuable therapeutic option in daily practice, which is reflected by its strong recommendation in the “European S3-guidelines”.

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In vitro antimicrobial activity of benzoyl peroxide against Propionibacterium acnes assessed by a novel susceptibility testing method

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

Exploring the Anti-Acne Potential of Impepho [Helichrysum odoratissimum (L.) Sweet] to Combat Cutibacterium acnes Virulence

Exploring the Anti-Acne Potential of Impepho [Helichrysum odoratissimum (L.) Sweet] to Combat Cutibacterium acnes Virulence

Successful co-encapsulation of benzoyl peroxide and chloramphenicol in liposomes by a novel manufacturing method - dual asymmetric centrifugation

New developments in acne treatment: role of combination adapalene–benzoylperoxide

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In vitro antimicrobial activity of benzoyl peroxide against Propionibacterium acnes assessed by a novel susceptibility testing method

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

Exploring the Anti-Acne Potential of Impepho [Helichrysum odoratissimum (L.) Sweet] to Combat Cutibacterium acnes Virulence

Exploring the Anti-Acne Potential of Impepho [Helichrysum odoratissimum (L.) Sweet] to Combat Cutibacterium acnes Virulence

Successful co-encapsulation of benzoyl peroxide and chloramphenicol in liposomes by a novel manufacturing method - dual asymmetric centrifugation

New developments in acne treatment: role of combination adapalene&ndash;benzoylperoxide

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New developments in acne treatment: role of combination adapalene–benzoylperoxide