In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Plant Extracts on Pathogenic Fungi of Blueberry (Vaccinium sp.)

Abstract

Three pathogenic fungi of blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) responsible for dieback disease, identified as Pestalotiopsis clavispora, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae, were isolated in the northwestern region of the state of Michoacán, Mexico. The mycelial growth in vitro of these fungi was inhibited by extracts from Lantana hirta, Argemone ochroleuca and Adenophyllum porophyllum, medicinal plants collected in Sahuayo, Michoacán, Mexico. The extracts showed different degrees of inhibition; the most effective were: M5L extract from L. hirta and M6LFr extract from A. ochroleuca, both of which inhibited 100% of the mycelial growth of P. clavispora and C. gloeosporioides; and M4LS extract from A. porophyllum, which inhibited 100% of the mycelial growth of the three pathogens. The extracts were fractionated by thin layer and column chromatography, and the most active fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The major compounds identified in L. hirta extract were Phytol and α-Sitosterol. The compounds identified in A. ochroleuca were Toluene and Benzene, 1,3-bis(3-phenoxyphenoxy)-. In A. porophyllum, the compound identified was Hexanedioic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester. These results show the potential of L. hirta, A. ochroleuca and A. porophyllum as a source of antifungal compounds.

Analysis of Streptomyces Volatilomes Using Global Molecular Networking Reveals the Presence of Metabolites with Diverse Biological Activities

“…The production of some plant-associated metabolites and VOCs in Streptomyces has been observed previously ( 18 , 52 ), highlighting the potential for using bacteria to produce such compounds. In addition, VOCs annotated with high confidence using MSHub/GNPS are reported to display a variety of activities, including antibacterial [1-tridecanol, 3-pentadecanol, and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate] ( 53 – 62 ), antifungal [cis-9-hexadecenal, (Z)-12-octadecenoic acid methyl ester; hexanedioic acid; bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester and octadecyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] ( 63 – 69 ), and anticancer [6,10-dimethyl-4-undecanol and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester] ( 70 , 71 ). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate is often considered a background artifact during the analysis of biologically produced volatiles but has been reported to be produced by many organisms, and there have been some discussions regarding it being classified as a natural product ( 62 ).…”

“…4 ), but the conventional approach annotated some compounds that MSHub/GNPS missed, which included geosmin, cubenol, benzyl alcohol, 1 H -benzocycloheptene, and 4a S -cis-2,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9a-octahydro-3,5,5-trimethyl-9-methylene, all of which have insect repellent activities ( 51 – 54 , 63 , 64 ). In comparison, MSHub/GNPS was able to annotate some VOCs with antibacterial [1-tridecanol, 3-pentadecanol, and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate] ( 53 , 54 ), antifungal [cis-9-hexadecenal, (Z)-12-octadecenoic acid methyl ester, hexanedioic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, and octadecyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate] ( 63 – 69 ), and anticancer [6,10-dimethyl-4-undecanol and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester] ( 70 , 71 ) activities, which were missed by the conventional method. Results suggest that MSHub/GNPS and the conventional method are complementary due to obvious differences in design and workflow, and that the use of both methods is required for thorough volatilome characterization.…”

Network Pharmacology-Based Analysis of the Potential Biological Mechanisms of Coix Seed against Colorectal Cancer

“…CLR is a raw material for the synthesis of bile acids, vitamin D, and steroid hormones [ 23 , 24 ]. Sitosterol-alpha1 inhibits fungal growth [ 21 ]. Mandenol lowers blood cholesterol levels [ 22 ].…”

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Pomegranate and Orange Peel Extracts and Their Antifungal Activity against Alternaria solani, the Causal Agent of Early Blight Disease of Tomato

“…Between these options are biological plant products, which are bio-efficacious, biodegradable, cost-effective and safe for the environment. Many investigators used biological plant products to control plant pathogens [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”