In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub. extracts against Aspergillus flavus

Abstract

Aspergillus flavus is a filamentous, saprophytic fungus, whose colonization occurs mainly in cereal grains and oilseeds once harvested. Under certain conditions, it could produce mycotoxins called aflatoxins, known as powerful human liver carcinogens. The aim of the present study was to describe the antifungal activity of extracts of Peltophorum dubium, a species from northern Argentina (Oriental Chaco), against A. flavus. The antifungal activities of different collection sites are reported. The extracts exhibited a minimum inhibitory concentration of 125 µg/mL, and the differences between the treatments and the inoculum control were 11 mm of P. dubium A and 10 mm of P. dubium F in colony growth. Moreover, hyphae treated with the extracts stained blue with Evans blue showed alterations in the membrane and/or cell wall, allowing the dye income. Bio-guided fractionation, High Performance Liquid Chromatography diode array ultraviolet/visible (HPLC UV/VIS DAD), and Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (UPLC ESI-MS) analyses were conducted to characterize the extracts and their active fractions. The HPLC UV/VIS DAD analysis allowed the determination of the presence of flavonoids (flavonols and flavones), coumarins, terpenes, and steroids. UPLC ESI/MS analysis of active fractions revealed the presence of Kaempferol, Apigenin, Naringenin, Chrysin and Daidzein.

Antifungal activity of the volatile organic compounds produced by Ceratocystis fimbriata strains WSJK-1 and Mby

“…The production of 2-Phenylethanol could affect gene expression and exert its biological control ability ( Hua et al, 2014 ; Loi et al, 2020 ) And inhibit spore germination and aflatoxin formation in A. flavus . and decrease gene expression of clustering aflatoxin biosynthesis genes as evidenced ( Di Ciaccio et al, 2020 ). In the report that 2-Phenylethanol exhibited strong antibacterial activity by breaking the bacterial cell membrane ( Monggoot et al, 2016 ).…”

Plant-Derived Chemicals: A Source of Inspiration for New Drugs

“…The authors concluded that P. dubium extracts altered the fungal cell wall and membrane. The presence of flavonoids, including kaempferol, naringenin, chrysin, daidzein and apigenin, was detected in the active extracts [ 5 ].…”

Natamycin Has an Inhibitory Effect on Neofusicoccum parvum, the Pathogen of Chestnuts

“…Fungal cell membrane damage was observed by Evans blue staining according to the method of Lucía S. Di Ciaccio et al [36]. An amount of 100 µL of mycelial suspension at 1 mg/mL concentration was added to a conical flask containing 25 mL of PDB and incubated in a shaker at 28 • C ± 2 • C and 200 rpm for 12 h. Various volumes of the stock solution of 25 mg/mL natamycin emulsion were pipetted into the conical flask to achieve final concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, and 25 µg/mL, corresponding to 1/16, 1/8, and 1 4 MIC, respectively.…”