In-vitro Antibacterial Activity of Carbopol-Essential Oils hydrogels

Abstract

Background and Objectives: The main purpose of the drug therapy of any disease is to maintain the desired therapeutic concen-tration of the drug for the entire duration of the treatment. The aim of this study is to formulate mixed essential oils loaded hydrogel, and evaluate its antibacterial activity against some pathogens. Materials and Methods: Different hydrogels were formulated by using different concentration of essential oils. Antibacterial evaluation was done using disk diffusion method. Screening for antibacterial activity of essential oils were studied prior to hydrogel formulation to compare the changes in activity after incorporation in the hydrogel. Results: Clove oil exhibited the strongest activity towards all the tested pathogens, compared to other tested essential oils (clove > cinnamon > tea tree > rosemary). The formulation containing mixed essential oils showed the best results, with synergistic effect against all tested pathogens. Hydrogels were further subjected to evaluation of physical properties like color, clarity, pH, viscosity and animal skin irritation study. The zone of inhibition of the final formulation containing only 3% from the selected three essential oils was between 18‐23 mm for S. aureus, 17‐20mm for E. coli, and 14‐18mm for P. aeruginosa. The hydrogels were non-irritant, stable, and free of any microbes at room temperature. Conclusion: Activity of essential oils was much affected by incorporation in hydrogel. The loaded hydrogel showed better antimicrobial activity against all the microorganisms used in the study, despite the need for clinical studies to determine of the effectiveness and potential toxic effects in-vivo.

In Vitro Antibacterial Activities of Essential Oils and Extracts of Six Herbals Against Gram-positive and Gram-negative Bacteria

“…Antimicrobial activity of plants: The best factor for evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of plants and comparison of their antimicrobial effect is a measurement of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). In this study, the modi ed E-test was used (14). A 5% concentration of each plant extracts and essential oils was prepared and diluted using the double dilution method.…”

Insights into the Role of Biopolymer-Based Xerogels in Biomedical Applications

“…The process of wound healing is a complex and dynamic process consisting of several stages that lasts days or even weeks depending on multiple factors, such as the type of wound, its depth, microbial colonization, and the patient’s immune system, to enable the injured skin to restore itself [ 64 ]. Hydrogels’ antibacterial materials [ 65 , 66 , 67 ] have been widely used in wound healing applications, but they have the drawback of requiring gauze or other adjuvants to be applied to a bleeding wound. Furthermore, the overly moist environment caused by hydrogel is not conducive to promoting wound healing and the scabbing effect, especially at the early stages of wound formation [ 68 ].…”

The Role of Biopolymer-Based Materials in Obstetrics and Gynecology Applications: A Review

“…The current decade witnessed an increased use of biopolymeric based materials in the form of hydrogels, aerogels, films, sutures, surgical implants, examination materials, scaffolds for tissue engineering, and drug delivery, which can be attributed to the extraordinary and exceptional versatility that many biopolymers possess when compared to conventional petroleum, metal, or ceramic-based materials [ 103 ]. The successful utilization of biopolymers in many obstetrics and gynecological applications, including vaginal drug delivery [ 104 ], cosmetic and personal care products [ 105 ], examination equipment is an instrument as bioplastics [ 106 ], smart gynecological sutures, and wound healing products [ 107 , 108 ], etc., attracted researchers for more development to avoid using the conventional and health-hazardous polymers.…”

“…Unlike conventional polymeric vaginal drug delivery systems, which are associated with some drawbacks—including toxicity, potential allergic action, messiness, and leakage—in addition to relatively poor retention time [ 130 ]. Biopolymers are valuable candidates for numerous mucoadhesive gel formulations that can be used in drug delivery due to their proven safety [ 131 ], high biocompatibility [ 106 ], ability to conjugate with a variety of drugs and other polymers [ 132 ], and eco-friendliness [ 107 ]. Women of reproductive age are increasingly prevalent in terms of vaginal microbial infections.…”