In vitro anti-oxidant, anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory activities of five Indian cultivars of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit peel extracts

Abstract

Introduction: All parts of the mango plant contain secondary metabolites that possess several beneficial properties. In the present study, evaluation of in vitro anti-oxidant, anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory activities of five Indian cultivars of mango fruit peel extracts were carried out.Methods: Different solvent (hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) extracts of five Indian cultivars of mango fruit peels were prepared by using soxhalate, and the aqueous extract was prepared by maceration. In vitro anti-oxidant activities of these extracts were determined by using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azinobis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) radical scavenging methods. Their anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory activities were determined by agar-well diffusion and HRBC (human red blood cell) methods, respectively.Results: All the five mango peel extracts showed good anti-oxidant activities, especially the methanolic extract of peel of Sindhura cultivar showed better IC50 values of DPPH (21.62±1.82 μg/mL), ABTS (21.33±1.94 μg/mL), H2O2 (19.87±2.61 μg/mL) and NO (57.29±2.17 μg/mL) radical scavenging activities than other extracts. It also possessed higher contents of phenolics (169.18±3.28 mg of GAE/g) and flavonoids (26.18±1.84 mg of QE/g) than the other extracts. All peel extracts of five cultivars of mango fruit revealed good anti-microbial activities against bacterial and fungal cultures and also possessed significant anti-inflammatory activity.Conclusion: The present study revealed that all the mango peel extracts have potential antioxidant activity, as well as better anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory activities.

Natural remedies effective on stomachache in traditional medicine

“…Two common reasons for stomach ache are inflammatory diseases and infections. Therefore, other than the plants presented here, any plant with antimicrobial [37][38][39][40] or anti-inflammatory activity [41][42][43][44][45] may have beneficial effects in stomachache. Stomach disorders like other pain associated disorders are related to oxidative stress [46].…”

Bioactive Compounds in Extracts from the Agro-Industrial Waste of Mango

“…Sindhura should be exploited for its components in the development of healthy products. The authors also recommended that eating mango fruit along with its peel would impart more health benefits [ 63 ]. The effect of ethanolic extracts from the dried peel of mango (Indian var.…”

Mangifera indica and Mangifera zeylanica: Perspectives on medicinal properties, therapeutic applications and potential uses as anticancer epigenetic drugs (Review)

“…In another study, Mushore and Matuvhunye (31) demonstrated that an aqueous extract of stem bark of MI can reduce the growth of S. aureus. A recent study demonstrated that the hexane peel extract prepared from the Sindhura and Banisha mango varieties found in India exerted growth inhibitory effects against Escherichia coli (32). In addition, methanolic and ethyl acetate peel extracts was found to exert inhibitory effects against Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively (32).…”

“…A recent study demonstrated that the hexane peel extract prepared from the Sindhura and Banisha mango varieties found in India exerted growth inhibitory effects against Escherichia coli (32). In addition, methanolic and ethyl acetate peel extracts was found to exert inhibitory effects against Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively (32). These findings suggest the potential use of MI extracts and by-products as anti-microbial agents.…”