In Vitro Anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Activity Found in Extracts of Marine Algae Indigenous to the Coastline of Japan.

Horikawa, Miho; Noro, Tadahide; Kamei, Yuto

doi:10.7164/antibiotics.52.186

Cited by 40 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The antimicrobial activity of SAP was determined in triplicate by using disk diffusion on a double-layer agar plate (diameter, 90 mm) as previously described (20). P. porphyrae was inoculated into CSL broth and cultured at 25°C with agitation at 230 rpm until it reached the turbidity of the 0.5 McFarland standard.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Antifungal Protein from the Marine Bacterium Streptomyces sp. Strain AP77 Is Specific for Pythium porphyrae , a Causative Agent of Red Rot Disease in Porphyra spp

Woo

Kitamura

Myouga

et al. 2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

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A novel antifungal protein (SAP) was found in the culture supernatant of a marine bacterium, Streptomyces sp. strain AP77, and was purified. This protein was characterized by chemical, biochemical, and biological analyses. By using gel filtration, the molecular mass of SAP was estimated to be 160 kDa. Structural analysis of SAP by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry suggested that SAP is composed of three heterologous protein subunits of 41.7 kDa (SAP1), 21.7 kDa (SAP2), and 18.7 kDa (SAP3) at a molar ratio of 1:1:5 (or 1:1:6). N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis and a homology search revealed that SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3 exhibit 64.3, 68.4, and 86.7% similarity to three Streptomyces coelicolor polypeptides, puromycin resistance protein (Pur8), a conserved hypothetical protein, and bacterioferritin, respectively. The MIC of purified SAP against Pythium porphyrae was determined to be 1.6 g/disk, whereas no inhibitory effect was observed at concentrations up to 100 g/disk against most of the fungal and bacterial strains tested; the only exception was relatively strong antifungal activity against Pythium ultimum (MIC, 6.3 g/disk). In vitro and in vivo toxicity tests demonstrated that SAP showed no toxicity against Porphyra yezoensis cells, human normal dermal fibroblasts, and mice at doses up to 700 g/ml (for 24 h), 250 g/ml (for 12 h), and 75 mg/kg (for 35 days), respectively. SAP was labile when it was subjected to a heated-air drying treatment, which is a great advantage in food production procedures. These results indicated that Streptomyces sp. strain AP77 might be useful as a gene source for safe transgenic Porphyra breeding for tolerance to Pythium infection.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Antifungal Protein from the Marine Bacterium Streptomyces sp. Strain AP77 Is Specific for Pythium porphyrae , a Causative Agent of Red Rot Disease in Porphyra spp

Woo

Kitamura

Myouga

et al. 2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…However, it was not until the 1970s that large-scale screening of antimicrobial activity was carried out (Welch, 1962;Glombitza, 1970;Hornsey and Hide, 1974;Henríquez et al, 1977). In the past few decades, macroalgae have been widely recognised as producers of a broad range of bioactive metabolites (Caccamese et al, 1981;Fenical and Paul, 1984;Ma and Tang, 1984;Reichelt and Borowitzka, 1984;Hornsey and Hide, 1985;Rosell and Srivastava, 1987;Febles et al, 1995;Crasta et al, 1997;Melo et al, 1997;Centeno and Ballantine, 1999;Horikawa et al, 1999). However, the results obtained by the aforementioned authors suggest that the production of antimicrobial substances by the same species varies (Pesando, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial activity of Iberian macroalgae

Salvador¹,

Garreta²,

Lavelli³

et al. 2007

Sci. Mar.

177

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SUMMARY: The antibacterial and antifungal activity of 82 marine macroalgae (18 Chlorophyceae, 25 Phaeophyceae and 39 Rhodophyceae) was studied to evaluate their potential for being used as natural preservatives in the cosmetic industry. The bioactivity was analysed from crude extracts of fresh and lyophilised samples against three Gram-positive bacteria, two Gram-negative bacteria and one yeast using the agar diffusion technique. The samples were collected seasonally from Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts of the Iberian Peninsula. Of the macroalgae analysed, 67% were active against at least one of the six test microorganisms. The highest percentage of active taxa was found in Phaeophyceae (84%), followed by Rhodophyceae (67%) and Chlorophyceae (44%). Nevertheless, red algae had both the highest values and the broadest spectrum of bioactivity. In particular, Bonnemaisonia asparagoides, Bonnemaisonia hamifera, Asparagopsis armata and Falkenbergia rufolanosa (Bonnemaisoniales) were the most active taxa. Bacillus cereus was the most sensitive test microorganism and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most resistant. The highest percentages of active taxa from Phaeophyceae and Rhodophyceae were found in autumn, whereas they were found in summer for Chlorophyceae.Keywords: antimicrobial activity, marine macroalgae, Bonnemaisoniales, agar diffusion technique, crude extracts, Iberian Peninsula.RESUMEN: ACTIVIDAD ANTIMICROBIANA DE MACROALGAS MARINAS DE LA PENÍNSULA IBÉRICA. -Se analizó la actividad antibacteriana y antifúngica de 82 macroalgas marinas (18 Chlorophyceae, 25 Phaeophyceae y 39 Rhodophyceae) para valorar su potencial aplicación como conservantes naturales en la industria cosmética. Los extractos crudos de cada taxon, preparados tanto a partir de material fresco como liofilizado, fueron testados frente a tres bacterias Gram positivas, dos bacterias Gram negativas y una levadura, mediante la técnica de difusión en agar. Las muestras fueron recolectadas en diversas localidades de las costas mediterráneas o atlánticas de la Península Ibérica en distintas estaciones del año. El 67% de todas las macroalgas estudiadas mostraron actividad antimicrobiana frente al menos un microorganismo test de los seis utilizados. El mayor porcentaje de táxones activos lo presentó el grupo de las Phaeophyceae (84%) seguido por las Rhodophyceae (67%) y por las Chlorophyceae (44%). No obstante, las algas rojas fueron las que presentaron el mayor grado de actividad así como el espectro de acción más amplio y, dentro de este grupo, Bonnemaisonia asparagoides, Bonnemaisonia hamifera, Asparagopsis armata y Falkenbergia rufolanosa (Bonnemaisoniales) fueron los táxones más activos. En cuanto a los microorganismos, Bacillus cereus fue el más sensible y Pseudomonas aeruginosa el más resistente. Los tres grupos taxonómicos mostraron una variación estacional en la producción de sustancias antimicrobianas, siendo el otoño la estación con mayor porcentaje de táxones activos para las Phaeophyceae y Rhodophyceae, mientras que para las Chlorophyceae fue...

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“…IR spectra were recorded on a JASCO FT/IR-300 spectrophotometer. 1 H-NMR (400 MHz) and 13 C-NMR (100 MHz) spectra were recorded on a JEOL AL-400 spectrometers with tetramethylsilane as an internal reference or solvents (CHCl 3 , acetone, DMSO) peak. Mass spectra (MS) were measured on JEOL Automass System II, JMS D-300 and DX-303 (FAB) spectrometers with a direct inlet system.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Key words indole; electrophilic aromatic substitution; thioether; sulfoxide; trifluoroacetic anhydride Four bromomethylthioindoles, MC 5-7, 1,2) were isolated from the red algae, Laurencia brongniartii. These compounds are the most potent antibacterial substances against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to be isolated from red algae to date.…”

Section: A Practical Regioselective Synthesis Of Alkylthio-or Arylthimentioning

confidence: 99%

A Practical Regioselective Synthesis of Alkylthio- or Arylthioindoles without the Use of Smelly Compounds Such as Thiols

et al. 2013

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A convenient method for the synthesis of 3-methylthioindoles has been established which does not use smelly compounds such as thiol derivatives. The method, which introduces an alkyl-or arylthio-group into the C 3 -position of the indole skeleton, was extended to the direct introduction of a methylthio or bromo group at the C 2 -position using 3-methylthioindoles. No dimerization occurred, and the reaction mechanism was confirmed. The products have the partial structure of potent anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (anti-MRSA) bromomethylthioindoles (MC 5-8) isolated from marine algae. Furthermore, this reaction could be applied to the synthesis of 3,3-diindolyl thioether which is a core structure of Echinosulfone A.

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In Vitro Anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Activity Found in Extracts of Marine Algae Indigenous to the Coastline of Japan.

Cited by 40 publications

References 9 publications

An Antifungal Protein from the Marine Bacterium Streptomyces sp. Strain AP77 Is Specific for Pythium porphyrae , a Causative Agent of Red Rot Disease in Porphyra spp

An Antifungal Protein from the Marine Bacterium Streptomyces sp. Strain AP77 Is Specific for Pythium porphyrae , a Causative Agent of Red Rot Disease in Porphyra spp

Antimicrobial activity of Iberian macroalgae

A Practical Regioselective Synthesis of Alkylthio- or Arylthioindoles without the Use of Smelly Compounds Such as Thiols

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