In Vitro and In Vivo Nutraceutical Characterization of Two Chickpea Accessions: Differential Effects on Hepatic Lipid Over-Accumulation

Abstract

Dietary habits are crucially important to prevent the development of lifestyle-associated diseases. Diets supplemented with chickpeas have numerous benefits and are known to improve body fat composition. The present study was undertaken to characterize two genetically and phenotypically distinct accessions, MG_13 and PI358934, selected from a global chickpea collection. Rat hepatoma FaO cells treated with a mixture of free fatty acids (FFAs) (O/P) were used as an in vitro model of hepatic steatosis. In parallel, a high-fat diet (HFD) animal model was also established. In vitro and in vivo studies revealed that both chickpea accessions showed a significant antioxidant ability. However, only MG_13 reduced the lipid over-accumulation in steatotic FaO cells and in the liver of HFD fed mice. Moreover, mice fed with HFD + MG_13 displayed a lower level of glycemia and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) than HFD mice. Interestingly, exposure to MG_13 prevented the phosphorylation of the inflammatory nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-kB) which is upregulated during HFD and known to be linked to obesity. To conclude, the comparison of the two distinct chickpea accessions revealed a beneficial effect only for the MG_13. These findings highlight the importance of studies addressing the functional characterization of chickpea biodiversity and nutraceutical properties.

Modeling Diet‐Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rodents

“…All data presented herein were obtained from refs. [44,54,55,70,72,74,75,78,88,95,96,98,[102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111]116,[119][120][121][124][125][126][127][128][129][130]132,[134][135][136][137][140][141][142][143][144][147][148][149][150][151][152][153][154]…”

“…All data presented herein were obtained from refs. [44,54,55,70,72,74,75,78,88,95,96,98,102–111,116,119–121,124–130,132,134–137,140–144,147–156,158,159,161,163–171,173–176...…”

“…All data presented herein were obtained from refs. [70,72,74,77,78,88,95,96,98,104,105,107,109–112,114–128,130,132,133,135–142,144–146,148,150,151,153,154,157,159,161–168,174,176–184,187,188,190,191,194,196–198,200–204,206,208–212,215,217,219–226,229,230,232–235,237,239–242,244,250–253,257,258,263,264,266–268,270–276,278,285,287–290,292,295,296,298–301,303,304,308–310,314,316,317,319,321,322,324,325,329,331–342].…”

A Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Seed Vicilins Hydrolysate Exhibits PPARγ Ligand Activity and Modulates Adipocyte Differentiation in a 3T3-L1 Cell Culture Model

“…According to the World Health Organization WHO, overweight and obesity are regarded as world epidemics and are major risk factors for a number of chronic diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Obesity is associated with the Western diet [ 1 ], as eating patterns in Western industrialized countries are characterized by high energy consumption and chronic over-consumption of saturated fat, cholesterol, sugar and salt, which is also related to the development of other pathologies such as diabetes, cardiovascular and degenerative disorders, cancer, hepatic steatosis and obesity, that are hallmarks of the metabolic syndrome [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. In this context, it has been proposed that weight loss could be achieved by consuming controlled energy diets with a high content of cereals and legumes [ 5 ].…”

Cellular Oxidative Stress

“…Both chickpea accessions showed significant antioxidant ability; however, only MG_13 reduced the lipid over-accumulation in steatotic rat hepatoma cells and in the liver of mice fed on a high-fat diet. These findings underscore the importance of studies characterizing the distinct effects and precise composition of nutraceuticals [ 26 ].…”