In vitro and in vivo degradation of silk fibers degummed with various sodium carbonate concentrations

Lu, Shuyang; Tang, Xiaochen; Lü, Qiang; Huang, Jiwei; You, Xinran; Zhang, Feng

doi:10.1016/j.mtcomm.2021.102369

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…FTIR spectra are widely sensitive to the secondary structure of silk fibroins, providing molecular validation of the change in silk structure. , The signature absorption peaks for WFS are found around 1620 cm –1 (Amide I), 1515 cm –1 (Amide II), and 1260 cm –1 (Amide III). These peaks are conformation peaks of the crystalline β sheet structure, and the silk shows similar peaks in all degumming conditions until the core structure starts to break . The Amide I band of the silk fibroin (between 1600 and 1700 cm –1 ) is mainly associated with C=O stretching vibration (70 to 85%) and is directly related to the backbone conformation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Effect of Degumming Duration on the Behavior of Waste Filature Silk-Reinforced Wheat Gluten Composite for Sustainable Applications

2023

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Silkworm silk proteins are of great importance in several fields of science owing to their outstanding properties. India generates waste silk fibers, also known as waste filature silk, in abundance. Utilizing waste filature silk as reinforcement in biopolymers enhances its physiochemical properties. However, the hydrophilic sericin layer on the surface of the fibers makes it very difficult to have proper fiber–matrix adhesion. Thus, degumming the fiber surface allows better control of the fiber properties. The present study uses filature silk (Bombyx mori) as fiber reinforcement to prepare wheat gluten-based natural composites for low-strength green applications. The fibers were degummed in sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution from a 0 to 12 h duration, and composites were prepared from them. The analysis exhibited optimized fiber treatment duration and its effect on the composite properties. The traces of the sericin layer were found before 6 h of fiber treatment, which interrupted homogeneous fiber–matrix adhesion in the composite. The X-ray diffraction study showed enhanced crystallinity of the degummed fibers. The FTIR study of the prepared composites with degummed fibers showed that shifted peaks toward lower wavenumbers supported better bonding among the constituents. Similarly, the tensile and impact strength of the composite made of 6 h of degummed fibers showed better mechanical properties than others. The same can be validated with the SEM analysis and TGA as well. This study also showed that prolonged exposure to alkali solution reduces the fiber properties, thus reducing composite properties too. As a green alternative, the prepared composite sheets can potentially be applied in manufacturing seedling trays and one-time nursery pots.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Effect of Degumming Duration on the Behavior of Waste Filature Silk-Reinforced Wheat Gluten Composite for Sustainable Applications

2023

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“…If the vascular graft degrades too fast, rupture or aneurysm formation may occur [ 60 ]. Tissue regeneration may be inhibited by slow degradation and slow degradation may result in long-term inflammatory [ 61 ]. Therefore, the degradation rate of silk grafts should be adjusted to match the new tissue regeneration [ 62 , 63 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our study, we found that the braided silk fibers remained visible even after 2 years; these fibers may play a role in maintaining long-term compliance. Studies have shown that the degradability of silk fibers could be altered by degumming conditions and could be controlled to match the diverse needs of specific tissue regeneration requirements [ 61 , 69 ]. Future studies may focus on adjusting the degradation rate of the braided silk fibers to match the new vascular regeneration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Regulatory Effect of Braided Silk Fiber Skeletons with Differential Porosities on In Vivo Vascular Tissue Regeneration and Long-Term Patency

Ding

Zhang

et al. 2022

Research

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The development of small-diameter vascular grafts that can meet the long-term patency required for implementation in clinical practice presents a key challenge to the research field. Although techniques such as the braiding of scaffolds can offer a tunable platform for fabricating vascular grafts, the effects of braided silk fiber skeletons on the porosity, remodeling, and patency in vivo have not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we used finite element analysis of simulated deformation and compliance to design vascular grafts comprised of braided silk fiber skeletons with three different degrees of porosity. Following the synthesis of low-, medium-, and high-porosity silk fiber skeletons, we coated them with hemocompatible sulfated silk fibroin sponges and then evaluated the mechanical and biological functions of the resultant silk tubes with different porosities. Our data showed that high-porosity grafts exhibited higher elastic moduli and compliance but lower suture retention strength, which contrasted with low-porosity grafts. Medium-porosity grafts offered a favorable balance of mechanical properties. Short-term in vivo implantation in rats indicated that porosity served as an effective means to regulate blood leakage, cell infiltration, and neointima formation. High-porosity grafts were susceptible to blood leakage, while low-porosity grafts hindered graft cellularization and tended to induce intimal hyperplasia. Medium-porosity grafts closely mimicked the biomechanical behaviors of native blood vessels and facilitated vascular smooth muscle layer regeneration and polarization of infiltrated macrophages to the M2 phenotype. Due to their superior performance and lack of occlusion, the medium-porosity vascular grafts were evaluated in long-term (24-months) in vivo implantation. The medium-porosity grafts regenerated the vascular smooth muscle cell layers and collagen extracellular matrix, which were circumferentially aligned and resembled the native artery. Furthermore, the formed neoarteries pulsed synchronously with the adjacent native artery and demonstrated contractile function. Overall, our study underscores the importance of braided silk fiber skeleton porosity on long-term vascular graft performance and will help to guide the design of next-generation vascular grafts.

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“…Significantly, the degradation rate of silk fibroin hydrogels is highly dependent on the presence of ß-sheet structure. 45 It is noted that the native silk fibers show a lower degradation rate than regenerated silk fibroin fibers, which is ascribed to the higher content of ß-sheet secondary structure of natural silk fibers than that of RSF structure. Lu et al proposed that the hydrophilic bulk of silk fibroin was first degraded during the degradation process, and then the hydrophobic crystallites got rid of the surrounding and binding of the hydrophilic bulk to become free particles, followed by the movement toward the protease solution.…”

Section: Biodegradabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Significantly, the degradation rate of silk fibroin hydrogels is highly dependent on the presence of ß ‐sheet structure 45 . It is noted that the native silk fibers show a lower degradation rate than regenerated silk fibroin fibers, which is ascribed to the higher content of ß ‐sheet secondary structure of natural silk fibers than that of RSF structure.…”

Section: Structures and Properties Of Silk Fibroinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silk fibroin hydrogels for biomedical applications

Zhang

et al. 2022

Smart Medicine

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Silk fibroin hydrogels occupy an essential position in the biomedical field due to their remarkable biological properties, excellent mechanical properties, flexible processing properties, as well as abundant sources and low cost. Herein, we introduce the unique structures and physicochemical characteristics of silk fibroin, including mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Then, various preparation strategies of silk fibroin hydrogels are summarized, which can be divided into physical cross‐linking and chemical cross‐linking. Emphatically, the applications of silk fibroin hydrogel biomaterials in various biomedical fields, including tissue engineering, drug delivery, and wearable sensors, are systematically summarized. At last, the challenges and future prospects of silk fibroin hydrogels in biomedical applications are discussed.

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In vitro and in vivo degradation of silk fibers degummed with various sodium carbonate concentrations

Cited by 7 publications

References 44 publications

Effect of Degumming Duration on the Behavior of Waste Filature Silk-Reinforced Wheat Gluten Composite for Sustainable Applications

Effect of Degumming Duration on the Behavior of Waste Filature Silk-Reinforced Wheat Gluten Composite for Sustainable Applications

The Regulatory Effect of Braided Silk Fiber Skeletons with Differential Porosities on In Vivo Vascular Tissue Regeneration and Long-Term Patency

Silk fibroin hydrogels for biomedical applications

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