In vitro and in vivo hypoglycemic and colorimetric determination of glucose concentration of the different solvent extracts of Crescentia cujete Linn. fruit

Abstract

In this study, Crescentia cujete Linn. fruit was extracted using 95% ethanol and was concentrated in vacuo. The crude ethanolic extract (CEE) was then subjected to solvent partitioning using hexane and water. Fresh (FE) and decocted (DE) extracts were also prepared by m/v ratio of sample:water. Among the plants samples in vitro hypoglycemic assay, 10000ppm hexane extract possessed the highest ability to inhibit (55.21%) the activity of alphaamylase. Also, 10000ppm AE and CEE exhibited 32.87% and 32.64% inhibition, respectively. FE, DE, HE, AE and CEE were administered to the 24-hour starved Mus musculus via oral gavage for eight consecutive days. The initial blood glucose level (BGL) of the test organisms was recorder and determined using one-touch glucometer. Twenty four hours after the eightday treatment, the blood glucose level was determined. In vivo hypoglycemic assay revealed positive BGL lowering in the FE, 10000ppm of HE, AE and CEE upon comparison to the inducer, Alloxan. Protective potential assay also revealed significant lowering of BGL in the previously mentioned extracts with the addition of 1:1 m/v decocted and 5000ppm CEE. Moreover, Alloxan group was monitored for five days after its administration on the third day thus proving Alloxan's degradation. Colorimetric determination of glucose concentration in the plant sample was performed and it shows the increase in sample extract concentration is proportional to the amount of glucose in it. The pure decoction 4:0 m/v ratio revealed the highest glucose concentration (453.30ppm), while the 100ppm of CEE has the lowest glucose content (55.66ppm). The extracts of Crescentia cujete Linn. reveals hypoglycemic potential and its utilization before the occurrence of the metabolic disorder diabetes mellitus can help in regulating BGL in the blood.

A Review of the Phytochemistry, Ethnobotany, Toxicology, and Pharmacological Potentials of Crescentia cujete L. (Bignoniaceae)

“…The various pharmacological properties of C. cujete includes antioxidant [ 8 , 10 , 40 ], antidiabetic [ 37 , 46 , 47 ], anti-inflammatory [ 48 ], anthelmintic [ 13 ], antibacterial [ 7 , 10 , 31 , 34 , 48 , 49 ], antimycobacterial [ 50 ], anticholesterol [ 13 ], antivenom [ 51 ], wound healing [ 9 ], safety potentials, cytotoxic [ 10 , 13 , 38 , 51 ], acaricidal [ 29 ], neuroprotection [ 52 ], and antiangiogenic [ 53 ] ( Table 3 ). Additionally, the antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticancer activities of four ( Nigrospora sphaerica , Fusarium oxysporum , Gibberella moniliformis , and Beauveria bassiana ) isolated endophytic fungi from the plant had been reported [ 55 ].…”