In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of the Probiotic Potential of Antarctic Yeasts

Coutinho, Joana O. P. A.; Peixoto, Taynara S; Menezes, Graciéle Cunha Alves de; Carvalho, Camila Rodrigues de; Ogaki, Mayara Baptistucci; Gomes, Eldon Carlos Queres; Rosa, Carlos A.; Rosa, Luiz Henrique; Arantes, Rosa Maria Esteves; Nicoli, Jacques R.; Tiago, Fabiana C. P.; Martins, Flaviano S.

doi:10.1007/s12602-021-09758-8

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In the latter case, the growth difference was not significant. Meanwhile, α- and β-hemolytic activity did not distinguish the strains, despite the fact that it is a commonly applied method for assessing virulence in pathogenic yeasts [ 34 , 35 , 44 ] and safety in probiotic yeasts [ 39 , 40 , 75 ]. This observation is notable as hemolysis is unlikely to play a role in the iron metabolism of S. ’boulardii’ , and hence in its potential virulence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heme Oxygenase-1 (HMX1) Loss of Function Increases the In-Host Fitness of the Saccharomyces ‘boulardii’ Probiotic Yeast in a Mouse Fungemia Model

Imre

Kovács

Tóth

et al. 2022

JoF

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The use of yeast-containing probiotics is on the rise; however, these products occasionally cause fungal infections and possibly even fungemia among susceptible probiotic-treated patients. The incidence of such cases is probably underestimated, which is why it is important to delve deeper into the pathomechanism and the adaptive features of S. ‘boulardii’. Here in this study, the potential role of the gene heme oxygenase-1 (HMX1) in probiotic yeast bloodstream-derived infections was studied by generating marker-free HMX1 deletion mutants with CRISPR/Cas9 technology from both commercial and clinical S. ‘boulardii’ isolates. The six commercial and clinical yeasts used here represented closely related but different genetic backgrounds as revealed by comparative genomic analysis. We compared the wild-type isolates against deletion mutants for their tolerance of iron starvation, hemolytic activity, as well as kidney burden in immunosuppressed BALB/c mice after lateral tail vein injection. Our results reveal that the lack of HMX1 in S. ‘boulardii’ significantly (p < 0.0001) increases the kidney burden of the mice in most genetic backgrounds, while at the same time causes decreased growth in iron-deprived media in vitro. These findings indicate that even a single-gene loss-of-function mutation can, surprisingly, cause elevated fitness in the host during an opportunistic systemic infection. Our findings indicate that the safety assessment of S. ‘boulardii’ strains should not only take strain-to-strain variation into account, but also avoid extrapolating in vitro results to in vivo virulence factor determination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heme Oxygenase-1 (HMX1) Loss of Function Increases the In-Host Fitness of the Saccharomyces ‘boulardii’ Probiotic Yeast in a Mouse Fungemia Model

Imre

Kovács

Tóth

et al. 2022

JoF

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“…Yeasts have been found in locations ranging from the aquatic [ 94 ], terrestrial [ 31 ], industrialized [ 95 ], and vegetable [ 96 ] even to the guts of various species such as birds [ 97 ], crustaceans [ 98 ], fish [ 99 ], and humans [ 100 ]. One particular yeast group is classified as extremophile because these yeasts are found in extreme environments, such as Antarctica [ 101 ], high-altitude UV-resistant volcanic areas [ 102 ], and high-temperature desert areas [ 103 ]. Some of these yeasts have probiotic characteristics due to their interactions with the digestive system and have potential for immune activation due to components found in their cell wall, including Cystobasidium benthicum ( Rhodotorula benthica ) [ 94 ], Wickerhamomyces anomalus [ 95 ], Hanseniaspora opuntiae and Pichia kudriavzevii [ 96 ], Rhodosporidium paludigenum , Sporidiobolus pararoseus and Rhodotorula sp.…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of these yeasts have probiotic characteristics due to their interactions with the digestive system and have potential for immune activation due to components found in their cell wall, including Cystobasidium benthicum ( Rhodotorula benthica ) [ 94 ], Wickerhamomyces anomalus [ 95 ], Hanseniaspora opuntiae and Pichia kudriavzevii [ 96 ], Rhodosporidium paludigenum , Sporidiobolus pararoseus and Rhodotorula sp. [ 98 ], S. cerevisiae , Cryptococcus laurentii and Debaryomyces hansenii [ 99 ], Saccharomyces boulardii [ 100 ], and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa [ 101 ].…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yeast β-Glucans as Fish Immunomodulators: A Review

Machuca

Méndez-Martínez

Reyes‐Becerril

et al. 2022

Animals

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Administration of immunostimulants in fish is a preventive method to combat infections. A wide variety of these biological molecules exist, among which one of the yeast wall compounds stands out for its different biological activities. The β-glucan that forms the structural part of yeast is capable of generating immune activity in fish by cell receptor recognition. The most frequently used β-glucans for the study of mechanisms of action are those of commercial origin, with doses recommended by the manufacturer. Nevertheless, their immune activity is inefficient in some fish species, and increasing the dose may show adverse effects, including immunosuppression. Conversely, experimental β-glucans from other yeast species show different activities, such as antibacterial, antioxidant, healing, and stress tolerance properties. Therefore, this review analyses the most recent scientific reports on the use of yeast β-glucans in freshwater and marine fish.

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“…Polar yeasts can withstand the stress conditions in polar regions (e.g., low temperature, desiccation, low levels of nutrients, and UV irradiation), as they have evolved a set of structural and functional adaptation strategies to thrive in these extreme environments, such as production of cold-active enzymes, anti-freeze compounds, and extracellular polymers ( Buzzini et al, 2012 ; Nizovoy et al, 2021 ). In recent years, it was found that polar yeasts with unique phenotypic characteristics had great biotechnological potentials, such as the production of cold-active enzymes (e.g., cellulase, amylase, protease, and lipase; Barahona et al, 2016 ; Tsuji, 2017 ; Wang et al, 2019 ) and bioactive compounds (e.g., exopolysaccharide; Pavlova et al, 2009 ; Viñarta et al, 2020 ), degradation of pollutant (e.g., phenol-related compounds and petroleum hydrocarbons) at low temperature ( Fernandez et al, 2017 ; Martínez-Ávila et al, 2021 ), and potential probiotic ( Coutinho et al, 2021a , b ). Besides, some polar yeasts (e.g., Aureobasidium pullulans ) may cause opportunistic infections and become potential pathogens to humans ( Buzzini et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry for the Rapid Identification of Yeast Species From Polar Regions

He¹,

Feng²,

Su³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Protein profiling based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) has proved to be a powerful tool for yeast identification. However, it is rarely used in the identification of yeast isolates from polar regions, which may be due to the limited data available for the differentiation of polar yeast species. The present study constructed a supplementary database of MALDI-TOF MS, including 33 yeast species from the Arctic and Antarctica. These yeast species were used to assess the accuracy and practicality of MALDI-TOF MS-based identification compared to the ribosomal DNA [internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) gene regions] sequencing identification. Their dendrogram based on main spectra profiles (MSPs) in the supplementary database was somewhat consistent with their phylogenetic tree. The accuracy of MALDI-TOF MS identification was also compared by the ethanol-formic acid extraction method and the on-plate extraction method. In addition, peptide markers of some yeast species (e.g., Glaciozyma, Phenoliferia, Mrakia, and Vishniacozyma) were identified. It is concluded that the MALDI-TOF MS method can differentiate some closely related yeast species from polar regions, thus is suitable for the identification of polar yeasts.

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In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of the Probiotic Potential of Antarctic Yeasts

Cited by 7 publications

References 60 publications

Heme Oxygenase-1 (HMX1) Loss of Function Increases the In-Host Fitness of the Saccharomyces ‘boulardii’ Probiotic Yeast in a Mouse Fungemia Model

Heme Oxygenase-1 (HMX1) Loss of Function Increases the In-Host Fitness of the Saccharomyces ‘boulardii’ Probiotic Yeast in a Mouse Fungemia Model

Yeast β-Glucans as Fish Immunomodulators: A Review

Application of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry for the Rapid Identification of Yeast Species From Polar Regions

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