In vitro and in vivo interaction of macrophages from vaccinated and non-vaccinated channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) to Edwardsiella ictaluri

RNA-seq analysis of mucosal immune responses reveals signatures of intestinal barrier disruption and pathogen entry following Edwardsiella ictaluri infection in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus

“…NADPH oxidase, and the related NOXO1, responsible for production of reactive oxygen species as part of the intracellular host defense, were both notably down-regulated in the catfish intestine, consistent with reported Salmonella evasion strategies [57]. This pattern is particularly notable in the light of the ability of virulent E. ictaluri (like Salmonella) to survive and replicate within macrophages [58,59]. NADPH oxidase and related genes may serve as potential expression markers for assessing ESCresistant catfish strains.…”

Broad-Host-Range Plasmids for Red Fluorescent Protein Labeling of Gram-Negative Bacteria for Use in the Zebrafish Model System

“…In addition to well-known contributions to cell biology and biochemistry, the use of fluorescent proteins to label bacteria has provided insight into complex host-pathogen interactions and routes of entry (14,23,29).…”

“…The visualization of infection in situ can be conducted on the whole embryo using confocal or wide-field epifluorescence microscopy, an approach not possible in other model systems. To date, several zebrafish infection models have been established employing both fish and mammalian pathogens, including Edwardsiella tarda (21), E. ictaluri (14,23), Staphylococcus aureus (16), Streptococcus pyogenes and S. iniae (18), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4). Illustrating the value of fluorescently labeled bacteria in studies of microbial pathogenesis, Van der Sar and colleagues established the zebrafish as a model for Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infections using DsRed-labeled bacteria (30).…”

Apolipoprotein A1 in channel catfish: Transcriptional analysis, antimicrobial activity, and efficacy as plasmid DNA immunostimulant against Aeromonas hydrophila infection

“…Macrophages were isolated from catfish by peritoneal lavage according to published procedures [26]. Briefly, five catfish from the four treatment groups (1: untreated control; 2: QCDCR adjuvant control; 3: QCDCR þ 5 mg pcDNA3.2; 4: QCDCR þ 5 mg pcDNAApoA1) were used to collect macrophages.…”