In-vitro and in-silico strategies to assess the unexplored pharmacological lineages of Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav. Leaves

Abstract

The current work aims to investigate the chemical components in Solanum elaeagnifolium leaf extracts and their pharmacological potential in antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-diabetic effects. To screen the complete antioxidant potential, the DPPH, SO, FRAP, MCA, and PHM assays were evaluated; whereas the antibacterial activity was determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration method against 10 pathogenic microorganisms. Also, the α-amylase and α-glucosidase effects were explored to know the enzyme inhibitory potentials of this plant leaves. After obtaining possible drug probabilities in the crude extract exploration, the GC-MS screened molecules were docked with diabetes-related proteins to screen for active anti-diabetics. Ultimately, as a nal result of this exploration, the following values are lodged for future reference for those wishing to work on this plant. Firstly, the quantitative phytochemicals exploration revealed that the ethyl acetate extract has the highest content of TPC with 79.04 ± 0.98mg/g GAE and TFC with 79.04 ± 0.98mg/g GAE and 134.31 ± 0.04 mg/g QE. Similarly, the tested extracts in this study showed signi cant antioxidant activity at various concentrations; whereas the extracts used against the bacteria showed 50% inhibition against the pathogens tested.The ethanol extracts were subjected to an MIC according to the bacteriostatic potential; the concentration of 118.75 g/mL showed remarkable inhibition potentials against E. coli, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus epidermis, Bacillus subtilis and Rhodococcus equi. In the enzymatic exploration of αamylase and α-glucosidase, IC50 values of ethanol extracts were found to be17.78 ± 2.38µg/ml and 27.90 ± 5.02 µg/ml followed by acetone (17.96 ± 6.05µg/ml and 36.44 ± 3.30 µg/ml). Through in-silico exploration, we found that S. elegans phytochemicals have potential drug-binding a nities and better docking scores with diabetic proteins compared to the corresponding drugs. Based on the various pharmacological investigations, the present study concluded that Solanumelaeagnifolium might have possible drug candidates as antioxidant, antibacterial and antidiabetic agents. As a result of the present study, we conclude that the phytochemicals may have revealed their therapeutic potential either alone or synergistically with other phytochemicals of this leaves.

Uplc-Hr-Esi-MS Analysis and Antiproliferative and Anti-Diabesity Screening of Flowers, Roots, and Aerial Parts of Solanum Elaeagnifolium Cav.

“…These compounds have antioxidant properties and contribute to the various biological effects of this species (anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-microbial) [31]. Besides, the identified flavonoid naringin has evidenced (in vitro, in silco, and in vivo) anti-diabetic effects [35,36]. As reported earlier, the alkaloid solasodine, isolated from the fruits of S. sisymbriifolium is an effective anti-cancer agent for the treatment of various cancers such as pancreatic cancer [37].…”