In vitro analysis of partially hydrolyzed guar gum fermentation on identified gut microbiota

Carlson, Justin; Gould, Trevor; Slavin, Joanne L.

doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2016.08.006

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Treatment with a high-fiber diet can counteract hepatocyte pathology and gut leakage, and thus could be a promising therapeutic option [45,46]. PHGG, a dietary fiber that is readily fermentable, can stimulate proliferation of beneficial Bacteroidetes (Bacteroides and Parabacteroides) with positive health markers and outcomes [27,47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PHGG has been primarily utilized for nutritional purposes [19,23]. Many physiological functions, including antioxidant activity [24], hypocholesterolemia and hypolipidemic effects [25], and prebiotic activity have been reported to be associated with PHGG consumption [26,27,28]. However, no report on hepatoprotective effects of PHGG has been available till now.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatoprotective Potential of Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum against Acute Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury in Vitro and Vivo

Tang

et al. 2019

Nutrients

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Natural polysaccharides, particularly galactomannans, are potential candidates for treatment of alcoholic liver diseases (ALD). However, applications are restricted due to the physicochemical properties associated with the high molecular weight. In this work, guar gum galactomannans were partially hydrolyzed by β-mannanase, and the molecular mechanisms of hepatoprotective effects were elucidated both in vitro and in vivo. Release of lactate dehydrogenase and cytochrome C were attenuated by partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) in HepG2 cells, due to protected cell and mitochondrial membrane integrity. PHGG co-administration decreased serum amino transaminases and cholinesterase levels of acute alcohol intoxicated mice, while hepatic pathologic morphology was depleted. Activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase was recovered to 198.2, 34.5, 236.0 U/mg protein, respectively, while malondialdehyde level was decreased by 76.3% (PHGG, 1000 mg/kg∙day). Co-administration of PHGG induced a 4.4-fold increment of p-AMPK expression, and lipid metabolism was mediated. PHGG alleviated toll-like-receptor-4-mediated inflammation via the signaling cascade of MyD88 and IκBα, decreasing cytokine production. Moreover, mediated expression of Bcl-2 and Bax was responsible for inhibited acute alcohol-induced apoptosis with suppressed cleavage of caspase 3 and PARP. Findings gained suggest that PHGG can be used as functional food supplement for the treatment of acute alcohol-induced liver injury.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatoprotective Potential of Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum against Acute Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury in Vitro and Vivo

Tang

et al. 2019

Nutrients

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“…These models also reduce various interference factors associated with animal experiments and reduces costs (Polli 2008;Park et al 2017). Several previous studies have utilized in vitro analysis methods, in which intestinal cultures, nutrients, and prebiotics were anaerobically mixed to assess the intestinal performance (Carlson et al 2016;Jiao et al 2014;Li et al 2012, Dandan Tian and Xiaoqing Xu contributed equally to this work. 2016; Prayoonthien et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro fermentation of arabinoxylan from oat (Avena sativa L.) by Pekin duck intestinal microbiota

Tian

Peng

et al. 2019

3 Biotech

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Arabinoxylan (AX) is abundant in cereal grains used as feed for ducks. However, the duck intestinal microbes responsible for the degradation of AX are not fully understood. In this study, oat AX was degraded and utilized by different duck intestinal microbiota in vitro. Changes in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), branch-chain fatty acids, and the pH resulted from a 72-h AX fermentation in intestinal samples were measured. The addition of AX increased the concentration of isobutyric acid and decreased the concentrations of SCFAs. The pH values decreased significantly in the intestinal samples. Gut microbiota were assessed using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene, and the results indicated that AX stimulated the growth of Megamonas and Bifidobacterium species, with Megamonas exhibiting the greatest stimulation. Overall, the results suggest that oat AX is utilized by specific bacteria in duck intestines, providing the theoretical basis for the impacts of AX on animal health.

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“…In this study, Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria only accounted for a small portion of the microbes present (approximately 0.2% and 0.01%, respectively) during both treatments, with no significant differences between them. Similarly, low Lactobacilli and/or Bifidobacteria counts have been observed in other studies with healthy adults [ 7 , 59 ] and could be due to a wide range of factors, including environmental exposures, stress, and even cultural traditions [ 2 , 60 ]. Unfortunately, it is not possible to compare Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria abundance in this study with a baseline sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Impact of Agaricus bisporus Mushroom Consumption on Gut Health Markers in Healthy Adults

et al. 2018

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Eating Agaricus bisporus mushrooms may impact gut health, because they contain known prebiotics. This study assessed mushroom consumption compared to meat on gastrointestinal tolerance, short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, laxation, and fecal microbiota. A randomized open-label crossover study was conducted in healthy adults (n = 32) consuming protein-matched amounts of mushrooms or meat twice daily for ten days. Breath hydrogen measures were taken on day one, and gastrointestinal tolerance was evaluated throughout treatments. Fecal sample collection was completed days 6–10, and samples were assessed for bacterial composition, SCFA concentrations, weight, pH, and consistency. There were no differences in breath hydrogen, stool frequency, consistency, fecal pH, or SCFA concentrations between the two diets. The mushroom diet led to greater overall gastrointestinal symptoms than the meat diet on days one and two. The mushroom-rich diet resulted in higher average stool weight (p = 0.002) and a different fecal microbiota composition compared to the meat diet, with greater abundance of Bacteroidetes (p = 0.0002) and lower abundance of Firmicutes (p = 0.0009). The increase in stool weight and presence of undigested mushrooms in stool suggests that mushroom consumption may impact laxation in healthy adults. Additional research is needed to interpret the health implications of fecal microbiota shifts with mushroom feeding.

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In vitro analysis of partially hydrolyzed guar gum fermentation on identified gut microbiota

Cited by 24 publications

References 49 publications

Hepatoprotective Potential of Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum against Acute Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury in Vitro and Vivo

Hepatoprotective Potential of Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum against Acute Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury in Vitro and Vivo

In vitro fermentation of arabinoxylan from oat (Avena sativa L.) by Pekin duck intestinal microbiota

Impact of Agaricus bisporus Mushroom Consumption on Gut Health Markers in Healthy Adults

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