In vitro activity of three new triazoles and one echinocandin against Candida bloodstream isolates from cancer patients

Laverdière, Michél; Hoban, Daryl J.; Restieri, C.; Habel, F.

doi:10.1093/jac/dkf074

Cited by 66 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This complies with a previous report, where C. albicans constituted 56.3% of patients receiving radiotherapy for head and neck neoplasms, while each of C. glabrata and C. tropicalis was present in 12.5% of the total patients (Tudela et al, 2002). Furthermore, most of the OPC samples from cancer patients in different regions were also identified as C. albicans with a range of 33 to 76% of the total isolates (Laverdiere et al, 2002;AlAbeid et al, 2004;Belazi et al, 2004). This study also showed higher prevalence of C. albicans in both solid and haematological cancer types, followed by C. krusei, then C. glabrata and finally, C. tropicalis in solid cancer types.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Sensitivity and lower protease activity of Candida albicans species isolated from Egyptian cancer patients after exposure to cytotoxic and/or radiotherapy treatment

Khalaf¹,

Ahmed²,

El-Metnawy³

et al. 2016

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Oropharyngeal candidiasis is a common disease among cancer patients receiving chemo or radiotherapy which precede systemic candidemia, a life threatening infection. This study investigated the diversity and prevalence of different Candida species among Egyptian cancer patients, evaluated the sensitivity of Candida albicans to the frequently administered antifungal therapies and the effect of different radio and chemotherapeutic agents on its virulence. A total of 119 Candida spp. isolates were identified out of 399 clinical samples, of which 72 isolates were C. albicans, 15 were Candida tropicalis, 22 were Candida krusei, and 10 were Candida glabrata. 98.6% of the C. albicans isolates were sensitive to fluconazole; on the other hand, only 8.3% out of the tested isolates were sensitive to amphotericin B. No significant differences were observed in the ability of biofilm formation among C. albicans isolates exposed to chemo, radio or both therapies when compared with standard C. albicans ATCC 60193. Surprisingly, the protease activities in isolates obtained from cancer patients were significantly lower than that of the reference strain after exposure to chemo, radio or both therapies. Thus, it is concluded that radio and chemotherapies may not be in some cases a predisposing factor for the virulence of C. albicans strains.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Sensitivity and lower protease activity of Candida albicans species isolated from Egyptian cancer patients after exposure to cytotoxic and/or radiotherapy treatment

Khalaf¹,

Ahmed²,

El-Metnawy³

et al. 2016

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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“…This finding is in keeping with published work on yeasts from a range of other patient groups and body sites (Cuenca-Estrella et al, 1999;Pelletier et al, 2002;Laverdiere et al, 2002). Of particular relevance is the voriconazole susceptibility of the isolates that were resistant to fluconazole and itraconazole.…”

Section: Antifungals In Oral Fungal Infectionssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Of particular relevance is the voriconazole susceptibility of the isolates that were resistant to fluconazole and itraconazole. Many of these strains displayed low MICs to voriconazole, confirming reports by others that this agent is of value in treating some infections involving fluconazoleresistant Candida species (Pelletier et al, 2002;Laverdiere et al, 2002). However, the MICs of voriconazole for flucona- zole-resistant isolates were higher than those for fluconazolesusceptible isolates, as reported by others (Cuenca-Estrella et al, 1999).…”

Section: Antifungals In Oral Fungal Infectionssupporting

confidence: 82%

Voriconazole susceptibility of yeasts isolated from the mouths of patients with advanced cancer

Bagg

Sweeney

Davies

et al. 2005

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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The in vitro activity of voriconazole was compared with those of fluconazole and itraconazole against 270 clinical isolates of yeasts from the mouths of patients receiving palliative care for advanced cancer. A broth micro-dilution assay as described by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards was employed for determination of MICs. Of the 270 isolates, 206 (76 %) were fluconazole sensitive and 64 were fluconazole resistant. Voriconazole showed more potent activity than either fluconazole or itraconazole, including against some isolates resistant to both fluconazole and itraconazole. However, for fluconazole-resistant isolates, the MICs of itraconazole and voriconazole were proportionally higher than for the fluconazole-susceptible isolates, suggesting cross-resistance. Voriconazole may be a useful additional agent for the management of oral fungal infections caused by strains resistant to fluconazole and itraconazole, but susceptibility cannot be assumed and in vitro MIC determination is recommended prior to its use.

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“…32 Micafungin shows potent fungicidal activity against clinically isolated yeast species of Candida, including C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata and C. krusei, and against C. parapsilosis, C. lusitaniae and C. guilliermondii with slightly higher MIC 90 values. [33][34][35] No cross-resistance to fluconazole-resistant clinical isolates of Candida has been observed. 36 Characteristically, micafungin has potent in vitro inhibitory activity against Aspergillus species at lower concentrations than amphotericin B and itraconazole, but micafungin was not fungicidal against Aspergillus spp.…”

Section: Pre-clinical Study Of Fk463mentioning

confidence: 99%

Micafungin: a sulfated echinocandin

Hashimoto

2009

J Antibiot

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Micafungin is the second approved antifungal agent in the echinocandin series and is now used worldwide in chemotherapy for life-threatening fungal infections. It is water-soluble and is semi-synthesized from the acylated cyclic hexapeptide FR901379, a natural product from the fungus Coleophoma empetri F-11899, through enzymatic deacylation of FR901379, followed by chemical reacylation with the optimized N-acyl side chain. The water solubility of micafungin is ascribed to a sulfate moiety in the molecule. This feature differentiates micafungin from other echinocandin members. Micafungin is a potent inhibitor of 1,3-b-glucan synthase, an enzyme necessary for cell-wall synthesis of several fungal pathogens. The Journal of Antibiotics (2009) and Cryptococcus neoformans are a threat to human health. Incidences of these systemic fungal infections have increased significantly over the past few years. The major reasons for this dramatic increase are the extensive use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and the growing number of immunocompromised patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), cancer and transplants. 1,2 In the mid 1900s, few compounds, such as polyenes (for example, nystatin and amphotericin B) and flucytosine, were available for antifungal chemotherapy. Although the development of azole drugs started in the early 1970s, only a limited number of antifungal agents were available for treatment of life-threatening fungal infections. Moreover, the existing agents had disadvantages, such as the significant nephrotoxicity of amphotericin B 3 and the emergence of resistance to the azoles. 4 To overcome these defects, lipid formulations of polyenes were developed to reduce toxicity, and new triazoles (for example, voriconazole, ravuconazole and posaconazole) were developed to improve the antifungal spectra or susceptibility to azoleresistant isolates. 5 Despite a number of therapeutic advancements, there was a need to develop a new class of antifungal agents with novel mechanisms of action.

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In vitro activity of three new triazoles and one echinocandin against Candida bloodstream isolates from cancer patients

Cited by 66 publications

References 10 publications

Sensitivity and lower protease activity of Candida albicans species isolated from Egyptian cancer patients after exposure to cytotoxic and/or radiotherapy treatment

Sensitivity and lower protease activity of Candida albicans species isolated from Egyptian cancer patients after exposure to cytotoxic and/or radiotherapy treatment

Voriconazole susceptibility of yeasts isolated from the mouths of patients with advanced cancer

Micafungin: a sulfated echinocandin

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