In Vitro Activity of Seven Systemically Active Antifungal Agents against a Large Global Collection of RareCandidaSpecies as Determined by CLSI Broth Microdilution Methods

Abstract

2%). Among the isolates not susceptible to one or more of the echinocandins, most (68%) were C. guilliermondii. All isolates of the less common species within the C. parapsilosis complex (C. orthopsilosis and C. metapsilosis) were susceptible to voriconazole, posaconazole, anidulafungin, caspofungin, and micafungin. Over 95% of clinical isolates of the rare Candida species were susceptible to the available antifungals. However, activity did vary by drug-species combination, with some species (e.g., C. rugosa and C. guilliermondii) demonstrating reduced susceptibilities to commonly used agents such as fluconazole and echinocandins.

Candida parapsilosis complex water isolates from a haemodialysis unit: biofilm production and in vitro evaluation of the use of clinical antifungals

“…Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for azoles were determined visually, after 24 h of incubation, as the lowest concentration of drug that caused a significant diminution (≥ 50% inhibition) of growth below control levels and the MIC of AMB was determined as the lowest concentration that prevented any discernible growth. Strains with MICs of > 1 μg/mL for AMB were considered resistant (CLSI 2008, Diekema et al 2009, Guinea et al 2010. Quality control strains C. parapsilosis ATCC 22019, Candida krusei ATCC 6258 were included in each test.…”

“…Although C. parapsilosis is not considered to be particularly prone to the development of antifungal resistance, several reports have suggested a decreased susceptibility to azoles and AMB (Diekema et al 2009, Pappas et al 2009). The emergence of C. parapsilosis strains that have decreased susceptibility to azoles and that may be transmitted throughout the hospital environment may be related to the extensive use of FLC in combination with suboptimal hand hygiene and central venous catheter care in a population of seriously ill patients.…”

Rapid Species Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Candida Isolated from Different Hospital Acquired Infections by VITEK 2 System

“…The empiric therapy for treatment of hospital acquired fungal infections caused by unknown Candida spp. should be avoided (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, 2008;Diekema et al, 2009). Identification of Candida isolates by either classical or conventional methods is still typically done by biochemical, morphological and physiological tests.…”

Comparação entre microdiluição e disco difusão para o teste de susceptibilidade aos antifúngicos contra Candida spp.

“…No entanto, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis e C. krusei têm sido cada vez mais isoladas e em alguns estudos ultrapassam os isolamentos de C. albicans (DIEKEMA et al, 2009;GOMES et al, 2010;HORN et al, 2009;MENDES;CUNHA, 2009;SELLAMI et al, 2011).…”

“…resistentes ao fluconazol têm sido detectadas em diversas partes do mundo (PFALLER, 2008(PFALLER, , 2010b. No entanto, a resistência à anfotericina B não é comumente detectada, apesar dessa droga está em uso a mais de 50 anos (DIEKEMA et al, 2009;LANIADO-LABORÍN;CABRALES-VARGAS, 2009). Na última década foram implantados programas de vigilância da resistência fúngica, o mais importante deles é o ARTEMIS DISK, que monitora a resistência ao fluconazol e ao voriconazol em 134 instituições de 40 países, incluindo o Brasil, utilizando a metodologia de disco difusão (PFALLER et al, 2008(PFALLER et al, , 2009a(PFALLER et al, , 2009b(PFALLER et al, , 2010b.…”