In vitro activity of Bay 12-8039, a new 8-methoxyquinolone, compared to the activities of 11 other oral antimicrobial agents against 390 aerobic and anaerobic bacteria isolated from human and animal bite wound skin and soft tissue infections in humans

Abstract

The in vitro activity of Bay 12-8039, a new oral 8-methoxyquinolone, was compared to the activities of 11 other oral antimicrobial agents (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, amoxicillin clavulanate, penicillin, cefuroxime, cefpodoxime, and doxycycline) against 250 aerobic and 140 anaerobic bacteria recently isolated from animal and human bite wound infections. Bay 12-8039 was active against all aerobic isolates, both gram-positive and gram-negative isolates, at < or = 1.0 microg/ml (MICs at which 90% of isolates are inhibited [MIC90s < or = 0.25 microg/ml) and was active against most anaerobes at < or = 0.5 microg/ml; the exceptions were Fusobacterium nucleatum and other Fusobacterium species (MIC90s, > or = 4.0 microg/ml) and one strain of Prevotella loeschii (MICs, 2.0 microg/ml). In comparison, the other quinolones tested had similar in vitro activities against the aerobic strains but were less active against the anaerobes, including peptostreptococci, Porphyromonas species, and Prevotella species. The fusobacteria were relatively resistant to all the antimicrobial agents tested except penicillin G (one penicillinase-producing strain of F. nucleatum was found) and amoxicillin clavulanate.

Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial pathogens associated with community-acquired respiratory tract infections in Asia: report from the Community-Acquired Respiratory Tract Infection Pathogen Surveillance (CARTIPS) study, 2009–2010

“…0.125 mg/L and 2 mg/L, respectively (Table 1). This is probably due to the fact that moxifloxacin not only inhibits DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II) and topoisomerase IV, but also has a methoxy radical at the 8-position, with an S, S-configured diazabicyclonoyl ring moiety at the 7-position, producing an improvement of antibacterial activity over other similar quinolones and reducing the possibility of Gram-positive mutations [18].…”

Sequential intravenous/oral moxifloxacin versus intravenous piperacillin-tazobactam followed by oral amoxicillin-clavulanate for the treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infection

“…Pasteurella multocida, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp., Prevotella spp., Fusobacterium spp. and Eikenella corrodens) [17]. Because moxifloxacin has dual routes of excretion, no dosage adjustments are required in patients who exhibit renal impairment or need dialysis or who have mild to moderate hepatic insufficiency [18,19].…”

Bite wound infections

“…Cefoxitin can be administered intravenously for the treatment of bite wound infections in patients with non-life-threatening reactions to penicillin. Moxifloxacin [36] and gatifloxacin [37] have excellent activity against most nonfusobacterial bite-wound pathogens. Both are excellent choices as single-agent treatment for most bite wound infections.…”