In vitro activity of alpha-mangostin in killing and eradicating Staphylococcus epidermidis RP62A biofilms

Cheng

et al. 2018

Appl Environ Microbiol

Treatment of infections caused by staphylococci has become more difficult because of the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains as well as biofilm formation. In this study, we observed the ability of the phage lysin LysGH15 to eliminate staphylococcal planktonic cells and biofilms formed by ,, , and All these strains were sensitive to LysGH15, showing reductions in bacterial counts of approximately 4 log units within 30 min after treatment with 20 μg/ml of LysGH15, and the MICs ranged from 8 μg/ml to 32 μg/ml. LysGH15 efficiently prevented biofilm formation by the four staphylococcal species at a dose of 50 μg/ml. At a higher dose (100 μg/ml), LysGH15 also showed notable disrupting activity against 24-h and 72-h biofilms formed by and coagulase-negative species. In the experiments, a single intraperitoneal injection of LysGH15 (20 μg/mouse) administered 1 h after the injection of at double the minimum lethal dose was sufficient to protect the mice. The cell counts were 4 log units lower in the blood and 3 log units lower in the organs of mice 24 h after treatment with LysGH15 than in the untreated control mice. LysGH15 reduced cytokine levels in the blood and improved pathological changes in the organs. The broad antistaphylococcal activity exerted by LysGH15 on planktonic cells and biofilms makes LysGH15 a valuable treatment option for biofilm-related or non-biofilm-related staphylococcal infections. Most staphylococcal species are major causes of health care- and community-associated infections. In particular, is a common and dangerous pathogen, and is a ubiquitous skin commensal and opportunistic pathogen. Treatment of infections caused by staphylococci has become more difficult because of the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains as well as biofilm formation. In this study, we found that all tested ,, , and strains were sensitive to the phage lysin LysGH15 (MICs ranging from 8 to 32 μg/ml). More importantly, LysGH15 not only prevented biofilm formation by these staphylococci but also disrupted 24-h and 72-h biofilms. Furthermore, the efficacy of LysGH15 was demonstrated in a mouse model of bacteremia. Thus, LysGH15 exhibits therapeutic potential for treating biofilm-related or non-biofilm-related infections caused by diverse staphylococci.

“…The internal structure of a biofilm is very firm, making removal difficult (16). Even high concentrations (16ϫ the MIC) of vancomycin do not eliminate staphylococcal biofilms (17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Effects of Phage Lysin LysGH15 on Planktonic Cells and Biofilms of Diverse Staphylococci

Cheng

et al. 2018

Appl Environ Microbiol

“…Therefore, antioxidant properties in MPE presumably control inflammation on burned skin and as a result, reepithelization of epidermis can be accelerated. Sivaranjani et al (2017) have showed the rapid killing efficacy of α-mangostin on S. epidermidis in vitro. This antimicrobial effects of the extracts are important to prevent microbial infections on the wound area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This antimicrobial effects of the extracts are important to prevent microbial infections on the wound area. Therefore, extract of MPE can partially control growth of pathogens over the skin (Chah et al, 2006;Sivaranjani et al, 2017). In addition, other study had shown effect of antibiofilm activity of α-mangostin against S. aureus including the ferocious methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) (Phuong et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Garcinia Mangostana Extract Enhances Skin Epithelialization in Rat Induced Burn Injury

Gondokesumo¹,

Pardjianto²,

Handono³

et al. 2019

PVJ

Mangosteen has several important elements for biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and anti-cancer. There are γ-mangostin, αmangostin, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins which could stimulate the collagen deposition and accelerate wound healing process. Burn injury cause deep wound in the skin and often cause cicatrix and keloid scar on the skin. However, there is limited information about role of mangosteen in skin wound healing after burn injury. Fifty 10 week-old male rats, were subjected to burn injury using automatic temperature control. Burn injury was created by direct contact of hot plate (170°C) for 15 seconds on rats' inter scapula region. We elaborated the role of extract mangosteen in skin wound healing by applying daily gel contain with active compound derived from mangosteen. There was no significant weight change during treatment period. We observed that there was significant increase of Epidermal Growth Factors (EGF) expression in 14 as shown in immunohistochemistry and confirmed by western blot protein results. Taken together, mangosteen peel extractmediated changes in the expression of growth factors in burned rat skins. Mangosteen peel extract might have a role in the acceleration of skin wound healing.

“…In vitro studies have shown that α‐mangostin exhibits antibacterial properties with rapid killing ability, particularly of meticillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in humans . In addition, α‐mangostin exhibited antibacterial activity against S. epidermidis RP62A (ATCC35984) with a very low minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values and eradicating S. epidermidis RP62A biofilms . Several studies on the antibacterial activity of α‐mangostin towards Bacillus cereus , Streptococcus pyogenes , Streptococcus mutans and vancomycin‐resistant enterococci have demonstrated similar results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro antibacterial activity of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) crude extract against Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from canine pyoderma

Larsuprom

Rungroj

Lekcharoensuk

et al. 2019

Veterinary Dermatology

Background -Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, commonly involved in canine pyoderma, can be classified as meticillin-susceptible S. pseudintermedius (MSSP) or meticillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP). MRSP infections may be difficult to treat due to broad b-lactam resistance of MRSP and typically additional multidrug-resistance. Topical antibacterial treatment is the preferred treatment modality for surface and superficial skin infections.Hypothesis⁄objectives -Mangosteen crude extract containing the antibacterial compound a-mangostin will have in vitro activity against MSSP and MRSP isolated from canine pyoderma.Bacterial isolates -Twenty-three samples, MSSP (n = 12) and MRSP (n = 11), isolated from canine pyoderma.Methods and materials -Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined for mangosteen crude extract by broth microdilution. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was used to determine the amount of a-mangostin in mangosteen crude extract. A time-kill assay was performed at 30 min and 2 h after exposure to a high concentration of crude extract (1009 MIC). Antibacterial activity for a-mangostin was calculated according to HPLC results.Results -The concentration of a-mangostin was 17.72 AE 1.42% w/w. The mean MIC of a-mangostin towards MSSP was 0.53 AE 0.35 lg/mL, whereas the mean value for MRSP was 0.47 AE 0.27 lg/mL. There was no difference between the mean MIC of MRSP and MSSP (P = 0.84). After a 30 min exposure to 1009 MIC of the crude extract, a 95% reduction in colony forming units was found.Conclusions and clinical importance -The results showed that a-mangostin in mangosteen crude extract was effective in inhibiting S. pseudintermedius (both MRSP and MSSP). Clinical studies are needed to investigate this effectiveness further in vivo.