In vitro Activities of Nisin Alone or in Combination with Vancomycin and Ciprofloxacin against Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Susceptible &lt;i&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/i&gt; Strains

Döşler, Sibel; Gerçeker, A. Alev

doi:10.1159/000335598

Cited by 55 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…CHX has synergism with hydrogen peroxide against Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus aureus [35]. VAN has a low degree of synergism with the antibacterial nisin against some S aureus strains [13]. Also, VAN has synergism with sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and rifampin against some Staphylococcus strains; however, when combined with imipenem and other drugs, VAN has synergistic effects against a broader range of methicillinresistant, coagulase-negative, and biofilm forms of Staphylococcus [30,34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan Sponges for Local Synergistic Infection Therapy: A Pilot Study

Smith

Moshref

Jennings

et al. 2013

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Background Although bacterial antibiotic resistance is increasing, fewer new antibiotics are being developed to compensate. Localized delivery of synergistic antiseptics and antibiotics with a chitosan sponge device may offer an alternative infection treatment. Questions/purposes In this pilot study, we asked whether antiseptic and antibiotic combinations provided in vitro synergism against Staphylococcus aureus, whether synergism reduces cell viability, and whether their combination releases drugs at inhibitory levels. Methods To investigate the pharmacodynamics among three combinations of the antiseptic chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) with the antibiotics amikacin, daptomycin, and vancomycin (VAN) (n = 1), we determined the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index against S aureus Cowan I. The determined synergistic combination of CHX and VAN was evaluated for cell compatibility using NIH/3T3 fibroblasts (n = 3) and the drug release profile from a chitosan sponge device (n = 5). Results With an FIC index \ 0.5, the combination of CHX + VAN exhibited synergism against S aureus. CHX concentrations C 3.91 lg/mL resulted in fibroblast viability decrease, whereas the combination of CHX + VAN did not decrease fibroblast viability until their concentrations reached C 7.81 lg/mL. The CHX and VAN release profile, both individually and in combination, was an initial bolus with no difference between eluate concentrations after Day 5. Conclusions CHX + VAN combination may be delivered locally by a chitosan sponge that synergistically inhibits S aureus growth. Clinical Relevance The use of synergism between combined antibiotic and antiseptics delivered at high local concentrations with an implanted chitosan sponge may provide a useful alternative infection treatment option.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan Sponges for Local Synergistic Infection Therapy: A Pilot Study

Smith

Moshref

Jennings

et al. 2013

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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“…Due to the growing resistance against Staphylococcus aureus strains, new combinations of antibiotics are requested [39,40]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ε-Caprolactone in Micro-Chambered Ceramic Beads - A New Carrier for Gentamicin

Draenert

Hickel

Draenert³

2013

Chemotherapy

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Purpose: The purpose of this preliminary and descriptive study was to evaluate a biodegradable drug delivery system in combination with an innovative ceramic implant. Methods: The delivery of gentamicin of standardized samples was measured in the laboratory using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography. Biocompatibility and biodegradation of the materials was investigated in an animal experiment in sheep up to 14 months. As carrier ε-caprolactone, 1:1 mixed with gentamicin, intruded into micro-chambered β-tricalcium-phosphate beads (MCB®) was studied. Results and Discussion: Gentamicin was released in calculable concentrations during the first 30 days. The release from ε-caprolactone was higher than that from polymethylmethacrylate and more predictable. The caprolactone carrier was reabsorbed by osteoclasts.

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“…The rise of multidrug resistance in a variety of bacteria has prompted renewed interest in the development of novel antimicrobial agents [17]. Previous studies have showed that ulifloxacin, the active metabolite of prulifloxacin, had greater penetration within bacteria compared to levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin or gatifloxacin [18,19], and showed in vitro activity similar to or greater than ciprofloxacin and other fluoroquinolones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prulifloxacin versus Levofloxacin in the Treatment of Respiratory and Urinary Tract Infections: A Multicentre, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Chen

Yang

et al. 2012

Chemotherapy

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Background: Prulifloxacin is a promising fluoroquinolone antibiotic. A multicentre, double-blind, randomized clinical study was designed to evaluate its efficacy and safety compared to that of levofloxacin for the treatment of respiratory and urinary infections of Chinese patients. Methods: A total of 267 patients were enrolled and each was randomly assigned to either the treatment or the control group. Prulifloxacin 264.2 mg (equivalent to ulifloxacin 200 mg) b.i.d. or levofloxacin hydrochloride 200 mg b.i.d. was administered orally for 5–14 days according to a patient’s condition. The clinical response, bacterial eradication and incidence of adverse events were evaluated. Results: Two hundred and forty-three patients completed the study. For the modified intention-to-treat population, the cure and effective rates were 45.53 and 82.93% in the prulifloxacin group and 49.18 and 83.61% in the levofloxacin group. For the per-protocol analysis population, the cure and effective rates were 45.90 and 83.61% in the prulifloxacin group and 49.59 and 83.47% in the levofloxacin group. The bacterial eradication rates were 96.59 and 95.35%, and the drug-related adverse event rates were 7.87 and 5.51% in the prulifloxacin and levofloxacin group, respectively. The cure rate and efficacy rate of respiratory and urinary tract infections of the levofloxacin group were better than those of the prulifloxacin group. However, the difference between the 2 groups was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Prulifloxacin is as effective and well tolerated as levofloxacin in the treatment of respiratory and urinary tract infections.

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In vitro Activities of Nisin Alone or in Combination with Vancomycin and Ciprofloxacin against Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Susceptible <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Strains

Cited by 55 publications

References 32 publications

Chitosan Sponges for Local Synergistic Infection Therapy: A Pilot Study

Chitosan Sponges for Local Synergistic Infection Therapy: A Pilot Study

ε-Caprolactone in Micro-Chambered Ceramic Beads - A New Carrier for Gentamicin

Prulifloxacin versus Levofloxacin in the Treatment of Respiratory and Urinary Tract Infections: A Multicentre, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

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