In vitro activities of kappa-carrageenan isolated from red marine alga Hypnea musciformis: Antimicrobial, anticancer and neuroprotective potential

Abstract

This study assessed the antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer and neuroprotective activities of the kappa(k)-carrageenan isolated from the red alga Hypnea musciformis (Hm-SP). The chemical spectrum of the k-carrageenan from Hm-SP was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Hm-SP revealed an antibacterial and antifungal action against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, respectively. Hm-SP did not promoted cytotoxic effects against Human breast cancer (MCF-7) and Human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell-lines. However, it was observed a significant reduction of the cellular proliferation capacity in these cancer cells in presence of the Hm-SP. Furthermore, Hm-SP showed neuroprotective activity in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neurotoxicity on SH-SY5Y cells by modulation of the mitochondria transmembrane potential and reducing Caspase 3 activity. In addition, Hm-SP demonstrates low antioxidant potential and did not induce significant cytotoxic effects or changes in the cell proliferation on Balb/c 3T3 mouse fibroblast cell-line. In summary, our data suggest that Hm-SP shows antimicrobial, anticancer and neuprotective activities.

Antibiotics Development and the Potentials of Marine-Derived Compounds to Stem the Tide of Multidrug-Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria, Fungi, and Protozoa

“…Interestingly, an angucycline antibiotics (Vineomycin A 1 (1) and aquayamycin (3)) from Streptomyces sp. A6H inhibited the growth of MRSA ATCC 43300 (4.0 and 32 µg/mL), unlike its derivatives (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9), and these compounds were not active against C. albicans ATCC 10231 (> 64 µg/mL) [23].…”

“…Another German bacterium, Labrenzia sp. strain 011, produced two cyclopropane-containing medium-chain fatty acids (1,2). Apart from inhibiting other bacteria, these compounds showed an inhibitory effect against strains of MDR MRSA LT-1338 and MRSA LT-1334 (2 and 3 mm) [38].…”

“…A South China Sea mangrove Brguiera sexangula var. rhynchopetala-derived fungus, Daldinia eschscholtzii HJ001, produced a new cytochalasin metabolite and another three known compounds (2)(3)(4). Only the compound, 1, [11]-cytochalasa-5(6),13-diene-1,21-dione-7,18-dihydroxy-16,18-dimethyl-10-phenyl-(7S*,13E,16S*,18R*), exhibited weak antibacterial activity against MRSA ATCC 33591 at a MIC value of 50 µg/mL [91].…”

“…The extract exhibited other biological activities and had no antimicrobial activity against some fungi and ESKAPE panel of human bacterial pathogens except MRSA (100 µg/mL) [118]. In addition to the antiproliferative and neuroprotective activities of kappa-carrageenan extracted from a marine alga, Hypnea musciformis (Brazil), it exhibited antimicrobial activity including against MDR C. albicans 10231 at IC 50 value of 147.3 µg/mL [2].…”

“…In 1929, the history of antibiotics began with the discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming and since then more antibiotics have been identified and some have been put to use. For more than six decades, antibiotics have remained unbeaten in their control of pathogenic disease-causing agents [2]. While some researchers continue to modify the existing antibiotics, more studies are focused on the discovery of new or novel antibiotics.…”