In Vitro Activities of Fluconazole and Voriconazole against Clinical Isolates of
            <i>Candida</i>
            spp. Determined by Disk Diffusion Testing in Turin, Italy

Mandras, Narcisa; Tullio, Vivian; Allizond, Valeria; Scalas, Daniela; Banche, Giuliana; Roana, Janira; Robbiano, Francesca; Fucale, Giacomo; Malabaila, Aurelio; Cuffini, Annamaria; Carlone, Nicola

doi:10.1128/aac.00998-08

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Moreover, a higher frequency of resistance to voriconazole was seen in C. albicans than in non-albicans Candida, but the difference was not statistically significant. A similar susceptibility pattern was also observed in other studies carried out in India, Turin and Italy [55], and the results of these studies validate the idea that voriconazole could be a promising antifungal agent against active infections caused by Candida spp. innately resistant to fluconazole.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis among pregnant women in the Ho municipality, Ghana: species identification and antifungal susceptibility of Candida isolates

Waikhom

Afeke

Kwawu

et al. 2020

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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Background: Candida is the leading cause of vaginitis, and 75% of women have at least one episode of infection in their lives, with pregnancy being a predisposing factor. If left untreated, vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) can lead to chorioamnionitis with subsequent abortion, prematurity and congenital infection of the neonate. We aimed to determine the prevalence of VVC, identify the recent and most frequently occurring species of Candida in pregnant women, and determine the most effective antifungal drug of choice for treatment. Method: A prospective cross-sectional study in which 176 high vaginal swab samples of consented pregnant women visiting the antenatal clinic from February 2018 to April 2018 were subjected to direct gram smear and culture for Candida isolation. Candida isolates were identified using a germ tube test and HiCrome Candida differential agar. Candida isolates were then subjected to a disk diffusion method using fluconazole (25 μg), nystatin (100 units), and voriconazole (1 μg) on Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with 2% (w/v) glucose and 0.5 μg/ml methylene blue dye to determine the susceptibility pattern as per the guidelines of the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI). Chi-square analysis was used to ascertain the significant association of participants' sociodemographics and clinical presentations to VVC. A univariate logistic regression model was used to identify potential risk factors of VVC.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis among pregnant women in the Ho municipality, Ghana: species identification and antifungal susceptibility of Candida isolates

Waikhom

Afeke

Kwawu

et al. 2020

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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“…The strains were identified by standard methods (cornmeal for blastoconidia, germ-tube formation, pseudohyphae and true hyphae, and growth on CHROMagar™ Candida (BD, Milan, Italy) and with commercially available yeast identification system (API ID32C panels, bioMérieux, Rome, Italy) [10]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid and vapour-phase antifungal activities of essential oils against Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida

Mandras

Nostro

Roana

et al. 2016

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundThe management of Candida infections faces many problems, such as a limited number of antifungal drugs, toxicity, resistance of Candida to commonly antifungal drugs, relapse of Candida infections, and the high cost of antifungal drugs. Though azole antifungal agents and derivatives continue to dominate as drugs of choice against Candida infections, there are many available data referring to the anticandidal activity of essential oils. Since we have previous observed a good antimicrobial activity of some essential oils against filamentous fungi, the aim of this study was to extend the research to evaluate the activity of the same oils on Candida albicans, C.glabrata and C.tropicalis clinical strains, as well as the effects of related components. Essential oils selection was based both on ethnomedicinal use and on proved antibacterial and/or antifungal activity of some of these oils. Fluconazole and voriconazole were used as reference drugs.MethodsThe minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) of essential oils (thyme red, fennel, clove, pine, sage, lemon balm, and lavender) and their major components were investigated by the broth microdilution method (BM) and the vapour contact assay (VC).ResultsUsing BM, pine oil showed the best activity against all strains tested, though C.albicans was more susceptible than C.glabrata and C.tropicalis (MIC50-MIC90 = 0.06 %, v/v). On the contrary, sage oil displayed a weak activity (MIC50-MIC90 = 1 %, v/v). Thyme red oil (MIC50-MIC90 ≤ 0.0038 %, v/v for C.albicans and C.tropicalis, and 0.0078- < 0.015 %, v/v for C.glabrata), followed by lemon balm, lavender and sage were the most effective by VC. Carvacrol and thymol showed the highest activity, whereas linalyl acetate showed the lowest activity both by two methods. α-pinene displayed a better activity by BM than VC.ConclusionResults show a good activity of essential oils, mainly thymus red and pine oils, and their components carvacrol, thymol and α-pinene against Candida spp., including fluconazole/voriconazole resistant strains. These data encourage adequately controlled and randomized clinical investigations. The use in vapour phase could have additional advantages without requiring direct contact, resulting in easy of environmental application such as in hospital, and/or in school.

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“…Biofilms are critical for developing clinical infection. C. albicans and C. parapsilosis, which were often identified in analyzed materials, have lower incidences of fluconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B, and echinocandins resistance than other NAC species (23)(24)(25)(26). As NAC specie resistance together with prevalence in infections is increasingly being reported (22), NAC species detection and identification must not be neglected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescent Capillary Electrophoresis Is Superior to Culture in Detecting Candida Species from Samples of Urinary Catheters and Ureteral Stents with Mono- or Polyfungal Biofilm Growth

et al. 2019

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Molecular techniques in fungal detection and identification represent an efficient complementary diagnostic tool which is increasingly used to overcome limitations of routinely used culture techniques. The aim of this study was to characterize Candida sp. representation in samples from urine, urinary catheter, and ureteral stent biofilm using ITS2 ribosomal DNA (rDNA) amplification followed by fluorescent capillary electrophoresis (f-ITS2-PCR-CE) and to compare the results with those obtained by culture. A total of 419 samples were analyzed, and 106 (25.2%) were found positive, out of which 17 (16%) were polyfungal. The positivity rate did not differ between samples from catheters and stents (23.6% versus 20.9%) or between catheter and stent corresponding urine samples (40.2% versus 30.2%). Ten different Candida species were detected, with Candida parapsilosis (31.4%), Candida albicans (26.5%), and Candida tropicalis (12.4%) predominating. f-ITS2-PCR-CE was evaluated as substantially less time-consuming and 8.3 times more sensitive than the routinely applied culture technique with 1 l of urine/sonicated fluid inoculated, detecting 67 (19.9%) versus 8 (2.4%) positive samples out of 337 initially analyzed samples. The culture sensitivity considerably improved to 1.7 times lower than that of f-ITS2-PCR-CE after the inoculation volume was increased to 100 l in the additional 82 samples. Moreover, the molecular technique, unlike routine cultivation, enabled precise pathogen composition determination in polymicrobial samples. In conclusion, the f-ITS2-PCR-CE method was shown to be a quick and efficient tool for culture-independent detection and identification of fungi in urinary tract-related samples, demonstrating a higher sensitivity than culture.

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In Vitro Activities of Fluconazole and Voriconazole against Clinical Isolates of Candida spp. Determined by Disk Diffusion Testing in Turin, Italy

Cited by 21 publications

References 16 publications

Prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis among pregnant women in the Ho municipality, Ghana: species identification and antifungal susceptibility of Candida isolates

Prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis among pregnant women in the Ho municipality, Ghana: species identification and antifungal susceptibility of Candida isolates

Liquid and vapour-phase antifungal activities of essential oils against Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida

Fluorescent Capillary Electrophoresis Is Superior to Culture in Detecting Candida Species from Samples of Urinary Catheters and Ureteral Stents with Mono- or Polyfungal Biofilm Growth

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