In vitro activities of antifungal drugs against a large collection of Trichophyton tonsurans isolated from wrestlers

Abstract

Summary Background Trichophyton tonsurans is the most common agent causing tinea gladiatorum in wrestlers, and limited data on susceptibility profiles of Trichophyton tonsurans are available. Objectives We aimed to assess the in vitro activity of the common antifungal drug against a large collection of T tonsurans. Materials/Methods The in vitro activities to eight common antifungal drugs (sertaconazole, itraconazole, clotrimazole, fluconazole, butenafine, tolnaftate, terbinafine and griseofulvin) against 128 clinical isolates of T tonsurans strains, obtained from wrestlers with dermatophytosis, were performed according to CLSI M38‐A2 broth microdilution document. Results The geometric mean minimum inhibitory concentration was the lowest for tolnaftate (0.022 µg/mL), followed by itraconazole (0.026 µg/mL), terbinafine (0.033 µg/mL), butenafine (0.088 µg/mL), griseofulvin (0.566 µg/mL), sertaconazole (2.875 µg/mL), clotrimazole (3.419 µg/mL) and fluconazole (12.540 µg/mL). Conclusions Evaluation of antifungal susceptibility of dermatophytes showed that tolnaftate and itraconazole were the most effective drugs against T tonsurans and fluconazole had the least effect.

Tinea gladiatorum due to Trichophyton tonsurans in a school wrestling team in Mexico: A case series

“…The antifungal susceptibility of T. tonsurans may vary. In this regard, in a recent report [ 19 ] conducted on 128 strains isolated from tinea gladiatorum based on an in vitro measurement method (CLSI broth microdilution document M38-A2), such topical antifungals as tolnaftate (0.022 µg/ml) and butenafine (0.088 µg/ml) had the lowest geometry mean minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Moreover, among systemic antifungals, itraconazole (0.026 µg/ml) and terbinafine (0.033 µg/ml) showed the lowest MIC, while fluconazole had the highest MIC value (12.540 µg/ml) [ 19 ].…”

“…Adams et al [ 8 ] reported that a weekly dose of 200 mg of fluconazole for 4 weeks may effectively treat infection and allow negative cultures in all infected wrestlers. However, it is important to mention that this antifungal has the highest MIC, and the use of itraconazole and terbinafine may give better results in clinical settings [ 19 ]. Other regimens reported with this triazole are 100 mg/week or 100 mg/day for 3 days [ 20 ].…”

Tinea Gladiatorum: Epidemiology, Clinical Aspects, and Management

“…In 2020, the group of Kermani et al [ 90 ] performed a study to assess the in vitro activity of the most common antifungals used against T. tonsurans obtained from wrestlers with different types of dermatophytosis (tinea corporis, tinea capitis, tinea manuum, tinea faciei, and ținea cruris). They tested eight most commonly prescribed antifungal agents and concluded that tolnaftate and itraconazole had the most potent antifungal activity (concerning T. tonsurans infection).…”

“…They tested eight most commonly prescribed antifungal agents and concluded that tolnaftate and itraconazole had the most potent antifungal activity (concerning T. tonsurans infection). Fluconazole seemed to present the weakest effect [ 90 ].…”

PGMG: A Pharmacophore-Guided Deep Learning Approach for Bioactive Molecular Generation

“…Squalene oxidase is the target for ringworm, superficial skin fungal infections, and other diseases. Butenafine and terbinafine are typical inhibitors for squalene oxidase 44 . However, these inhibitors are prone to drug resistance and side effects including skin erythema, burning, and itching.…”