In vitro absorption of octamethlycyclo-tetrasiloxane (D4) in human skin

Plotzke, Kathleen P.; McMahon, Joan M.; Jovanovic, M; McNett, Debra A.; Gallavan, Robert H.; Meeks, Robert G.

doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(98)80691-7

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Early work on this project was reported [22,23], which included high values for radioactivity in the expired air traps (volatile traps) and excreta that suggested a higher degree of dermal absorption. Our current data are consistent with the results reported by other authors, after using both in vitro and in vivo models [4,20,21].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…3, 4). When applying this model, the fraction of the absorbed dose of D 4 was found to be consistent with the results reported by others [4,20,21] using different experimental approaches.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…However, there is little published data on the biological fate and toxicological effects of D 4 following human exposure [5,15]. Several studies have investigated the dermal absorption of D 4 and other siloxane materials [4,6,[19][20][21][22][23]. In vivo animal studies [4] showed that under semioccluded conditions, dermal absorption of D 4 in rats was approximately 0.7% of the applied dose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In vivo animal studies [4] showed that under semioccluded conditions, dermal absorption of D 4 in rats was approximately 0.7% of the applied dose. Dermal absorption studies using human skin in in vitro experiments resulted in absorptions ranging from 0.5 [6,21] Because the permeability of human skin differs from animal skin [24,25], a potential model for studying in vivo percutaneous absorption of D 4 might be human skin transplanted onto athymic nude mice [26][27][28][29]. It has been documented that grafted human skin retains morphological and biochemical characteristics of normal human skin [30,31] and shows the human pattern of absorption and incorporation of several chemicals [26-29, 32, 33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Percutaneous Absorption Studies of Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane Using the Human Skin/Nude Mouse Model

Zaręba

Gelein²,

Morrow³

et al. 2002

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D₄) has been used for more than 40 years in industrial applications and consumer products, including the personal care industry. D₄ possesses many properties suitable for personal care products, such as low surface tension, water repellency, and thermal and chemical stability. The skin is a major route of exposure to D₄for humans. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the percutaneous absorption of neat D₄ in human skin using the human skin/nude mouse model. This information is needed to aid in assessing potential risks associated with the intended use of D₄. To determine whether D₄ accumulates in adipose tissue of the skin, the distribution of D₄ in human skin layers following application of neat D₄ was also evaluated. In this study, a mean of 1.09 ± 0.46% of the applied dose was absorbed by the animal under semioccluded conditions. Only about 0.02% of the applied dose remained in the skin after 24 h of exposure (or 72 h after application). The majority (94.59 ± 12.28%) of the dose evaporated from the site. Excretion in the volatile trap (or expired volatiles) accounted for 42% of the radioactivity that was absorbed, while 49% were excreted in the urine and feces. Despite the lipophilic properties of D₄, a significant accumulation of D₄ in adipose tissue of the skin was not observed 24 h following application to the surface of the skin. The small amount of D₄ detected in the skin was distributed mainly in the epidermis (61%), with lower amounts in the dermis (29%) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (10%). Dermal absorption studies using human skin transplanted onto nude mice showed that this model could be successfully applied for in vivo percutaneous absorption studies of D₄, and presumably of other cyclic siloxanes. The fraction of the percutaneous dose of D₄ absorbed in this model was found to be consistent with results reported by others using different experimental approaches.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…3, 4). When applying this model, the fraction of the absorbed dose of D 4 was found to be consistent with the results reported by others [4,20,21] using different experimental approaches.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Percutaneous Absorption Studies of Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane Using the Human Skin/Nude Mouse Model

Zaręba

Gelein²,

Morrow³

et al. 2002

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The resulting 14 C-labeled siloxanes (for example, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane, hexamethyldisiloxane, poly(dimethylsiloxanes) of various viscosities, etc.) are routinely utilized as tracers in environmental and toxicological investigations [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of trichloroisocyanuric acid in the efficient chlorination of silicon hydrides

Varaprath

Stutts

2007

Journal of Organometallic Chemistry

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In vitro absorption of octamethlycyclo-tetrasiloxane (D4) in human skin

Cited by 2 publications

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Percutaneous Absorption Studies of Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane Using the Human Skin/Nude Mouse Model

Percutaneous Absorption Studies of Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane Using the Human Skin/Nude Mouse Model

Utility of trichloroisocyanuric acid in the efficient chlorination of silicon hydrides

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