In-vitro (2D and 3D cultures) and in-vivo cytotoxic properties of Zataria multiflora essential oil (ZEO) emulsion in breast and cervical cancer cells along with the investigation of immunomodulatory potential

Kavoosi

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

Self Cite

We aimed to explore and compare new insights on the pharmacological potential of Oliveria decumbence essential oil (OEO) and its main components highlighting their antioxidant activity in-vitro, in-vivo, and in-silico and also cytotoxic effects of OEO against A549 lung cancer cells. At first, based on GC–MS analysis, thymol, carvacrol, p-cymene, and γ-terpinene were introduced as basic ingredients of OEO and their in-vitro antioxidant capacity was considered by standard methods. Collectively, OEO exhibited strong antioxidant properties even more than its components. In LPS-stimulated macrophages treated with OEO, the reduction of ROS (Reactive-oxygen-species) and NO (nitric-oxide) and down-regulation of iNOS (inducible nitric-oxide-synthase) and NOX (NADPH-oxidase) mRNA expression was observed and compared with that of OEO components. According to the results, OEO, thymol, and carvacrol exhibited the highest radical scavenging potency compared to p-cymene, and γ-terpinene. In-silico Molecular-Docking and Molecular-Dynamics simulation indicated that thymol and carvacrol but no p-cymene and γ-terpinene may establish coordinative bonds in iNOS active site and thereby inhibit iNOS. However, they did not show any evidence for NOX inhibition. In the following, MTT assay showed that OEO induces cytotoxicity in A549 cancer cells despite having a limited effect on L929 normal cells. Apoptotic death and its dependence on caspase-3 activity and Bax/Bcl2 ratio in OEO-treated cells were established by fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, colorimetric assay, and western blot analysis. Additionally, flow cytometry studies demonstrated increased levels of ROS in OEO-treated cells. Therefore, OEO, despite showing antioxidant properties, induces apoptosis in cancer cells by increasing ROS levels. Collectively, our results provided new insight into the usage of OEO and main components, thymol, and carvacrol, into the development of novel antioxidant and anti-cancer agents.

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-vitro, in-vivo, and in-silico assessment of radical scavenging and cytotoxic activities of Oliveria decumbens essential oil and its main components

Kavoosi

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

Self Cite

Food Science & Nutrition

“…T. ammi seeds were purchased from local perfumeries. The aerial parts of Z. multiflora (herbarium number: 24,985) were collected from the mountainous areas of Marvdasht town, Iran (Azadi et al., 2020). The aerial parts of T. kotschyanus (herbarium number: 65,110) were collected from mountainous areas of Fars Province, Iran.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of essential oils encapsulated in gelatin‐pectin particles against sugar, lipid and protein oxidation and amylase and glucosidase activity

Siahbalaei

Kavoosi

Shakeri

2020

Self Cite

“…Thus, the identification and development of novel anticancer using natural products with fewer serious adverse effects have received more attention [ 9 , 10 ]. Zataria multiflora Bioss, the Lamiaceae family, is one of the most important medicinal plants in Pakistan, Afghanistan, and southern Iran; it is applied as an antiseptic and antitussive in respiratory tract disorders [ 11 ]. The Z. multiflora essential oil (ZMEO) also possesses many biological activities, including anticancer and antioxidant effects [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zataria multiflora Bioss, the Lamiaceae family, is one of the most important medicinal plants in Pakistan, Afghanistan, and southern Iran; it is applied as an antiseptic and antitussive in respiratory tract disorders [ 11 ]. The Z. multiflora essential oil (ZMEO) also possesses many biological activities, including anticancer and antioxidant effects [ 11 , 12 ]. EOs (such as ZMEO) are generally hydrophobic; loading them into nano-carriers is one of the most effective ways to improve their performance in laboratory and animal researches [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High anticancer efficacy of solid lipid nanoparticles containing Zataria multiflora essential oil against breast cancer and melanoma cell lines

Valizadeh

Khaleghi

Roozitalab

et al. 2021

BMC Pharmacol Toxicol

Background The cancer burden is rising rapidly worldwide, and it annually causes about 8.8 million deaths worldwide. Due to chemical drugs’ side effects and the emergence of resistance, the development of new green drugs has received much attention. We aimed to investigate whether solid-lipid nanoparticles containing essential oil of Zataria multiflora (ZMSLN) enhanced the anticancer efficacy of the essential oil against breast cancer (MDA-MB-468) and melanoma (A-375) cells. Results ZMSLN was prepared by the high-pressure homogenizer method; particle size 176 ± 8 nm, polydispersity index 0.22 ± 0.1, entrapment efficiency 67 ± 5%. The essential oil showed a dose-dependent antiproliferative effect on MDA-MB-468 and A-375 cells at all examined concentrations (75, 150, 300, 600, and 1200 μg/mL). Interestingly, after treating both cells with 75 μg/mL of ZMSLN, their viabilities were reduced to under 13%. Conclusion The finding showed that ZMSLN had a distinct antiproliferative efficacy; it could thus be considered a green anticancer candidate for further in vivo and in vivo studies.