In Their Own Voices

Fox, Ashley; Jackson, Sharon; Hansen, Nathan B.; Gasa, Nolwazi; Crewe, Mary; Sikkema, Kathleen J.

doi:10.1177/1077801207299209

Cited by 81 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Although female initiation of IPV in general is well recognised in southern Africa [54, 55], we do not consider the male reported experience of IPV necessarily clarifies who initiated the recent episodes. We did not ask who initiated the episode and we do not have any measure of who was more harmed during any physical altercation between partners.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Choice-Disability and HIV Infection: A Cross Sectional Study of HIV Status in Botswana, Namibia and Swaziland

Andersson

Cockcroft

2011

AIDS Behav

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Interpersonal power gradients may prevent people implementing HIV prevention decisions. Among 7,464 youth aged 15–29 years in Botswana, Namibia and Swaziland we documented indicators of choice-disability (low education, educational disparity with partner, experience of sexual violence, experience of intimate partner violence (IPV), poverty, partner income disparity, willingness to have sex without a condom despite believing partner at risk of HIV), and risk behaviours like inconsistent use of condoms and multiple partners. In Botswana, Namibia and Swaziland, 22.9, 9.1, and 26.1% women, and 8.3, 2.8, and 9.3% men, were HIV positive. Among both women and men, experience of IPV, IPV interacted with age, and partner income disparity interacted with age were associated with HIV positivity in multivariate analysis. Additional factors were low education (for women) and poverty (for men). Choice disability may be an important driver of the AIDS epidemic. New strategies are needed that favour the choice-disabled.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Choice-Disability and HIV Infection: A Cross Sectional Study of HIV Status in Botswana, Namibia and Swaziland

Andersson

Cockcroft

2011

AIDS Behav

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“…Specifically, men raised in violent circumstances may turn violent toward women, who in turn feel disempowered and ineffective in their role as a caregiver, which increases children’s behavioral risks. In addition, stigma associated with being victimized can lead to silence among South African women (Fox et al, 2007), and ongoing communication about sex with their children may trigger memories of violence and thus be traumatizing. Family-based interventions will benefit from creating a safe place for women to talk about sexual violence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety-related moderators of a parent-based HIV prevention intervention in South Africa.

Tarantino¹,

Goodrum²,

Armistead³

et al. 2014

Journal of Family Psychology

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Our study examined factors influencing the effectiveness of a parent-based HIV prevention intervention implemented in Cape Town, South Africa. Caregiver-youth dyads (N = 99) were randomized into intervention or control conditions and assessed longitudinally. The intervention improved a parenting skill associated with youth sexual risk, parent–child communication about sex and HIV. Analyses revealed that over time, intervention participants (female caregivers) who experienced recent intimate partner violence (IPV) or unsafe neighborhoods discussed fewer sex topics with their adolescent children than caregivers in safer neighborhoods or who did not report IPV. Participants with low or moderate decision-making power in their intimate relationships discussed more topics over time only if they received the intervention. The effectiveness of our intervention was challenged by female caregivers’ experience with IPV and unsafe neighborhoods, highlighting the importance of safety-related contextual factors when implementing behavioral interventions for women and young people in high-risk environments. Moderation effects did not occur for youth-reported communication outcomes. Implications for cross-cultural adaptations of parent-based HIV prevention interventions are discussed.

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“…Ingrained social, economic and political gender inequalities, or ‘structural violence,’ also contribute to women’s heightened HIV vulnerability (Farmer 2004). Fewer economic and educational opportunities for women intensify dependency on men and lead to increases in transactional sex (Hunter 2007; Fox et al 2007; Wingood and DiClemente 2000; Heise and Elias 1995). Gender norms that legitimise male sexual infidelity contribute to women’s inability to negotiate safer sex, including male condom use (WHO 2009; Fox et al 2007; Wingood and DiClemente 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negotiating the use of female-initiated HIV prevention methods in a context of gender-based violence: the narrative of rape

Hartmann

Montgomery

Stadler

et al. 2015

Culture, Health & Sexuality

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Female-initiated methods of HIV prevention are needed to address barriers to HIV prevention rooted in gender inequalities. Understanding the socio-cultural context of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) trials, including gender-based violence, is thus critical. MTN-003C (VOICE-C), a qualitative sub-study of the larger MTN-003 (VOICE) trial, examined socio-cultural barriers and facilitators to PrEP amongst women in Johannesburg. We conducted focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, and ethnographic interviews with 102 trial participants, 22 male partners, 17 community advisory board members, and 23 community stakeholders. We analysed how discussions of rape are emblematic of the gendered context in which HIV risk occurs. Rape emerged spontaneously in half of discussions with community advisory board members, two-thirds with stakeholders and among one-fifth of interviews/discussions with trial participants. Rape was used to reframe HIV risk as external to women’s or partner’s behaviour and to justify the importance of PrEP. Our research illustrates how women, in contexts of high levels of sexual violence, may use existing gender inequalities to negotiate PrEP use. This suggests that future interventions should simultaneously address harmful gender attitudes, as well as equip women with alternative means to negotiate product use, in order to more effectively empower women to protect themselves from HIV.

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In Their Own Voices

Cited by 81 publications

References 26 publications

Choice-Disability and HIV Infection: A Cross Sectional Study of HIV Status in Botswana, Namibia and Swaziland

Choice-Disability and HIV Infection: A Cross Sectional Study of HIV Status in Botswana, Namibia and Swaziland

Safety-related moderators of a parent-based HIV prevention intervention in South Africa.

Negotiating the use of female-initiated HIV prevention methods in a context of gender-based violence: the narrative of rape

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