In the land of plenty: catch crops trigger nitrogen uptake by soil microorganisms

Zandt, Dina in ‘t; Fritz, Christian; Wichern, Florian

doi:10.1007/s11104-017-3540-2

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(107 reference statements)

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“…While it can be hypothesized that (i) legume-based mixtures take up less nitrogen than non-legume-based mixtures and/or (ii) mixtures with nitrophilic Brassicaceae species take up more nitrogen, no significant changes in N were observed between the different cover crop mixtures (Supplementary Table S3). This is in contrast to In’t Zandt et al (2018) reporting an effect of cover crop mixture on nitrate contents in soil. Overall, our results suggest that frost and rolling but not glyphosate termination method can lead to increase of the total N in soil.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 98%

“…Such impact of the termination treatment on denitrifiers can be explained by the differential effects of termination treatments on total N (Figure 1A), with increased denitrifier abundance in treatments stimulating soil total N (i.e., rolling). Previous studies showed that cover crops could stimulate N-immobilization in the microbial biomass (In’t Zandt et al, 2018), which could have a detrimental effect on denitrifiers that are using inorganic N for respiration. Since an impact of glyphosate on soil microbial community has been reported in a recent meta-analysis (Nguyen et al, 2016), we cannot rule out a direct toxic effect on some microbial taxa involved in denitrification at our field site.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cover Crop Management Practices Rather Than Composition of Cover Crop Mixtures Affect Bacterial Communities in No-Till Agroecosystems

et al. 2019

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Cover cropping plays a key role in the maintenance of arable soil health and the enhancement of agroecosystem services. However, our understanding of how cover crop management impacts soil microbial communities and how these interactions might affect soil nutrient cycling is still limited. Here, we studied the impact of four cover crop mixtures varying in species richness and functional diversity, three cover crop termination strategies (i.e., frost, rolling, and glyphosate) and two levels of irrigation at the cover crop sowing on soil nitrogen and carbon dynamics, soil microbial diversity, and structure as well as the abundance of total bacteria, archaea, and N -cycling microbial guilds. We found that total nitrogen and soil organic carbon were higher when cover crops were killed by frost compared to rolling and glyphosate termination treatments, while cover crop biomass was positively correlated to soil carbon and C:N ratio. Modifications of soil properties due to cover crop management rather than the composition of cover crop mixtures were related to changes in the abundance of ammonia oxidizers and denitrifiers, while there was no effect on the total bacterial abundance. Unraveling the underlying processes by which cover crop management shapes soil physico-chemical properties and bacterial communities is of importance to help selecting optimized agricultural practices for sustainable farming systems.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 98%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cover Crop Management Practices Rather Than Composition of Cover Crop Mixtures Affect Bacterial Communities in No-Till Agroecosystems

et al. 2019

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“…This possibly occurred due to increased overall fitness of the plant due to release from nutrient stress, and, consequently, an increase in tolerance to speciesspecific soil-borne pathogens. Simultaneously, competition between plants and soil micro-organisms may be less strong due to high nutrient availability (Schimel and Bennett 2004;Liu et al 2016;in 't Zandt et al 2018), further decreasing negative plant-soil feedback effects.…”

Section: Plant-soil Feedback and Nutrient Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such consistent changes are expected to interact with plant growth and hence to affect plant-soil feedback driven community assembly processes (e.g., Ehrenfeld et al 2005;Luo et al 2017). However, the few studies testing nutrient availability yield mixed results (Manning et al 2008;Petermann et al 2008;Harrison and Bardgett 2010), introducing two contrasting theories on how nutrient addition affects plant-soil feedback strength and direction via microbial community composition shifts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-soil feedback is shut down when nutrients come to town

et al. 2019

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Background and aims The concept of plant-soil feedback is increasingly used to explain plant community assembly processes. Soil nutrient availability can be expected to play a critical role on these processes. However, little is known about the effects of nutrient availability on feedback direction and strength. Methods A plant-soil feedback experiment was performed with the grasses Anthoxanthum odoratum and Festuca rubra, and the forbs Leontodon hispidus and Plantago lanceolata, on soil with either low or high nutrient availability. Additionally, we tested if plantsoil feedback of the two forbs under these conditions changed by inoculation of the soil with spores of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus. Results Increased nutrient availability neutralised plantsoil feedback based on shoot biomass independent of its negative or positive direction, whereas the effects on root biomass were either not altered or turned negative. Mycorrhizal fungi spore addition decreased negative feedback and increased positive feedback. Conclusions Our results suggest that negative plant-soil feedback on low nutrient soil can be overcome with nutrient addition, and that positive soil biota associations on low nutrient soil may become superfluous with nutrient increase. We hypothesize that species-specific, microbial mediated plant community assembly processes occur in low rather than high nutrient environments.

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“…Nitrogen management is especially challenging due to its complex cycle involving various chemical forms, transformation processes and pathways of loss within agroecosystems as well as relatively high-crop demand. By taking up soil mineral nitrogen (SMN) within plant tissues and promoting immobilization (in 't Zandt et al ., 2018), cover crops function effectively to mitigate the risk of N losses during fallow seasons (Pantoja et al ., 2016). Therefore, cover crops can reduce nutrient leaching losses by 70% on average as described in a meta-analysis of 18 studies (Tonitto et al ., 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased nitrogen retention by cover crops: implications of planting date on soil and plant nitrogen dynamics

Zhou

Roosendaal

Eerd

2019

Renew. Agric. Food Syst.

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Cover crops are frequently adopted to immobilize residual nitrogen post-harvest, thereby reducing potential N losses. However, the effectiveness of a cover crop depends on the species planting date, and other management practices. Limited information on N dynamics in cover crop systems is available specially in short-season vegetable rotations under temperate climate. From 2008 to 2010, a split-plot field experiment was carried out in a humid, temperate climate with cover crop treatment as the main plot factor [no cover crop control (NoCC), cereal rye, hairy vetch, oat, forage pea, oilseed radish (OSR) and a control with fertilizer N to the cucumber crop (NoCC + N)], and cover crop planting date as the split factor (early and late) to evaluate their impacts on cover crop biomass and N dynamics over the fall and following cucumber crop. All cover crop treatments significantly lowered soil mineral nitrogen (SMN) by 39–87% compared to the NoCC control, which was concomitant with cover crop growth and N accumulation. In the fall, SMN (0–90 cm depth) was less under the early-planted cover crops (avg. 78 kg N ha−1) compared to the late-planted (avg. 100 kg N ha−1). In April, greater plant available nitrogen (PAN, sum of SMN to 60 cm depth and plant N) with cover crops than without demonstrated N conservation over the winter and into the cucumber crop. Crop yield was equal to or better with a cover crop compared with the NoCC in both years; moreover, compared to the NoCC + N control yields were equivalent with OSR and pea. Oat, vetch and pea cover crops benefited the most by having an earlier planting date, while OSR and rye are recommended if the planting date is delayed. Although an early August planting date significantly increased plant N accumulation and SMN by November, this species-dependent interaction did not persist into the following season in yield and N accounted for in the system.

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In the land of plenty: catch crops trigger nitrogen uptake by soil microorganisms

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Cited by 18 publications

References 72 publications

Cover Crop Management Practices Rather Than Composition of Cover Crop Mixtures Affect Bacterial Communities in No-Till Agroecosystems

Cover Crop Management Practices Rather Than Composition of Cover Crop Mixtures Affect Bacterial Communities in No-Till Agroecosystems

Plant-soil feedback is shut down when nutrients come to town

Increased nitrogen retention by cover crops: implications of planting date on soil and plant nitrogen dynamics

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