In the COVID-19 Era, Effects of Job Stress, Coping Strategies, Meaning in Life and Resilience on Psychological Well-Being of Women Workers in the Service Sector

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors affecting the psychological well-being by using variables of job stress, coping strategies, meaning of life, and resilience to improve the quality of working life during COVID-19. The subjects were 135 adult women working for banks. Data were collected by having the subjects fill out a paper-and-pencil questionnaire, and analyzed through t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis. The subjects’ psychological well-being showed positive correlations with the social support-seeking coping mechanism (r = 0.33, p < 0.001), problem-solving-focused coping mechanism (r = 0.55, p < 0.001), meaning in life (r = 0.45, p < 0.001), and resilience (r = 0.37, p < 0.001). Psychological well-being showed negative correlations with job stress (r = −0.44, p < 0.001) and avoidance-focused coping mechanism (r = −0.28, p = 0.001). The factors affecting the psychological well-being were problem-solving-focused coping mechanism (β = 0.35, p < 0.001), job role stress (β = −0.24, p < 0.001), meaning inlife (β = 0.29, p < 0.001), avoidance-focused coping mechanism (β = −0.23, p < 0.001), and resilience (β = 0.15, p = 0.023). It is necessary to formalize psychological intervention to induce the improvement of the quality of work life by increasing the psychological well-being of working women during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is suggested that intervention is made in consideration of variables identified as influencing factors to increase the psychological well-being of women workers.

Mediating Effect of Challenges on Demographics and Coping Strategies of Indian Healthcare Workers during COVID-19

“…A similar correlation was obtained in the present study. These findings are line with those regarding women workers from service sectors who reported similar positive correlation between coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic [19]. Similarly, stress faced by the nurses from the oncology department had a positive correlation with their coping behavior [27].…”

“…For instance, Chinese HCWs in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic reported a significant correlation between social support and their mental health [17,18]. Similarly, HCWs who visited the elderly for home visits during the pandemic had a positive correlation with social support seeking and mental health [19]. It is likely that social support may reduce stress among HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic because previous studies have reported an association between stress and mental health mediated by social support [17].…”

The study of mindfulness as an intervening factor for enhanced psychological well-being in building the level of resilience

“…Psychological Well-Being (PWB) stands for all psychological elements that are thought to contribute to a person’s overall quality of life ( Kim, 2022 ). According to Tang et al (2019) , PWB promotes life satisfaction, and positive effects, and decreases negative effects.…”

“…In the face of difficulty, trauma, tragedy, discomfort, threat, and other causes of stress, resilience and mindfulness are the processes of adaptation. Millennials may choose to intentionally consider ways to approach this pandemic outbreak by taking a different perspective, re-evaluating their assessment, and considering how it will affect their own lives and the lives of others ( Kim, 2022 ).…”

Psychosocial Determinants of Loneliness in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic—Cross-Sectional Study

“…Studies have shown that social distancing orders and lockdowns have caused significant disruption to people's behaviors and daily habits, leading to social isolation and negative repercussions on well-being and mental health [11,12]. Other reports indicate that the feeling of uncertainty and danger due to the pandemic, the loss of professional and economic stability, resulted in a lack of control over one's own life, increasing stress and reducing the quality of life [13,14]. Not without influence on contemporary reactions were information and social media, providing constantly, from many sources, disturbing information from more or less scientific sources [7,10].…”