In soil measurement of radiation dose caused by X‐ray computed tomography

Lippold, Eva; Kleinau, P.; Blaser, Sebastian R. G. A.; Schlüter, Steffen; Phalempin, Maxime; Vetterlein, Doris

doi:10.1002/jpln.202000276

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…to the plant shoot and in the soil outside the field of view. With this setup, the dose per scan measured with a radiophotoluminescence dosimeter in the centre of the column amounts to 1.2 Gy (Lippold et al 2021). The obtained images were reconstructed into a 3D tomogram having voxel side length of 45 μm and an 8-bit greyscale via a filtered back projection algorithm with the CT Pro 3D software (Nikon metrology).…”

Section: Mycorrhizal Colonizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the lack of root hairs alter root system architecture of Zea mays?

et al. 2021

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Aims Root hairs are one root trait among many which enables plants to adapt to environmental conditions. How different traits are coordinated and whether some are mutually exclusive is currently poorly understood. Comparing a root hair defective mutant with its corresponding wild-type, we explored if and how the mutant exhibited root growth adaptation strategies and how dependent this was on substrate. Methods Zea mays root hair defective mutant (rth3) and the corresponding wild-type siblings were grown under well-watered conditions on two substrates with contrasting texture and hence nutrient mobility. Root system architecture was investigated over time using repeated X-ray computed tomography. Results There was no plastic adaptation of root system architecture to the lack of root hairs, which resulted in lower uptake of nutrients especially in the substrate with high sorption capacity. The function of the root hairs for anchoring did not result in different root length density profiles between genotypes. Both maize genotypes showed a marked response to substrate. This was well reflected in the spatiotemporal development of rhizosphere volume fraction but especially in the highly significant response of root diameter to substrate, irrespective of genotype. Conclusions The most salient root plasticity trait was root diameter in response to substrate. Coping mechanisms for missing root hairs were limited to a shift in root-shoot ratio in loam. Further experiments are required, to elucidate whether observed differences can be explained by mechanical properties beyond mechanical impedance, root or microbiome ethylene production or differences in diffusion processes within the root or the rhizosphere.

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Section: Mycorrhizal Colonizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the lack of root hairs alter root system architecture of Zea mays?

et al. 2021

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“…To follow root development, X-ray CT scanning was performed at days 7, 14, and 21 after planting during the night not to interfere with plant photosynthesis in the same way as described by Lippold et al A lead shield was also placed between the X-ray source and the soil column to shield the plant shoot and the soil outside the field of view. With this setup, the dose per scan in the center of the column amounts to 1.2 Gy . The obtained whole-column images with a resolution of 45 μm were used during sampling to allow for a targeted sampling of specific root types and root ages (Figure a).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With this setup, the dose per scan in the center of the column amounts to 1.2 Gy. 33 The obtained whole-column images with a resolution of 45 μm 16 were used during sampling to allow for a targeted sampling of specific root types and root ages (Figure 1a). In this study, a sample was selected that featured a primary root that was at least 14 days old and that included several laterals of the same age.…”

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlative Imaging of the Rhizosphere─A Multimethod Workflow for Targeted Mapping of Chemical Gradients

Lippold

Schlüter

Mueller

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Examining in situ processes in the soil rhizosphere requires spatial information on physical and chemical properties under undisturbed conditions. We developed a correlative imaging workflow for targeted sampling of roots in their three-dimensional (3D) context and assessed the imprint of roots on chemical properties of the root–soil contact zone at micrometer to millimeter scale. Maize (Zea mays) was grown in 15N-labeled soil columns and pulse-labeled with 13CO2 to visualize the spatial distribution of carbon inputs and nitrogen uptake together with the redistribution of other elements. Soil columns were scanned by X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT) at low resolution (45 μm) to enable image-guided subsampling of specific root segments. Resin-embedded subsamples were then analyzed by X-ray CT at high resolution (10 μm) for their 3D structure and chemical gradients around roots using micro-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (μXRF), nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS), and laser-ablation isotope ratio mass spectrometry (LA-IRMS). Concentration gradients, particularly of calcium and sulfur, with different spatial extents could be identified by μXRF. NanoSIMS and LA-IRMS detected the release of 13C into soil up to a distance of 100 μm from the root surface, whereas 15N accumulated preferentially in the root cells. We conclude that combining targeted sampling of the soil–root system and correlative microscopy opens new avenues for unraveling rhizosphere processes in situ.

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“…Such sequential imaging, however, can potentially attenuate root growth by radiation-induced damage from the deposited energy or dose. In fact, a number of investigations have focused speci cally on characterizing the radiation dose delivered to roots during XCT analyses for various setups, especially for benchtop, medical, or industrial systems 1,3,6,7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The input parameters for the calculator of voltage, current, distance between source and sample, and lter material and thickness apply more to benchtop, industrial, or medical XCT systems and less to synchrotron-based XCT that has become widely used in rhizosphere related investigations [9][10][11][12] . Later, Lippold et al 7 also showed that the Rad Pro Calculator substantially underestimated the radiation dose measured directly using dosimeters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monte Carlo simulations of synchrotron X-ray dose effects on root growth during in-vivo tomographic imaging

Moraes

Hesterberg

Neto

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Synchrotron X-ray computed tomography (XCT) has been increasingly applied to study the in-vivo dynamics of root growth and rhizosphere processes. However, minimizing radiation-induced damage to root growth warrants further investigation. Our objective was to develop a robust approach for modeling and evaluating ways to reduce synchrotron X-ray dose effects on root growth during in-vivo imaging. Wheat roots growing in soil were exposed to X-rays during XCT experiments resolved in space (3-D) plus time (4-D). The dose rate and cumulative absorbed dose in roots were modelled with the Monte Carlo code FLUKA considering different experimental conditions using polychromatic and quasi-monochromatic X-ray beam configurations. The most impactful factors affecting damage to roots were incident X-ray energy spectrum, stored current in the accelerator machine, position of the root in the soil, and possibly the number of exposures during the 4-D XCT experiments. Our results imply that radiation dose during in-vivo imaging of plant roots can be diminished by using monochromatic radiation at the highest energy suitable for a given sample thickness and field of view, and by controlling the rotation axis of off-centered roots to increase radiation protection by soil.

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In soil measurement of radiation dose caused by X‐ray computed tomography

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Does the lack of root hairs alter root system architecture of Zea mays?

Does the lack of root hairs alter root system architecture of Zea mays?

Correlative Imaging of the Rhizosphere─A Multimethod Workflow for Targeted Mapping of Chemical Gradients

Monte Carlo simulations of synchrotron X-ray dose effects on root growth during in-vivo tomographic imaging

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