In situhydrothermal synthesis of tetrazole coordination polymers with interesting physical properties

Abstract

Tetrazole compounds have been studied for more than one hundred years and applied in various areas. Several years ago Sharpless and his co-workers reported an environmentally friendly process for the preparation of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles in water with zinc salt as catalysts. To reveal the exact role of the zinc salt in this reaction, a series of hydrothermal reactions aimed at trapping and characterizing the solid intermediates were investigated. This study allowed us to obtain a myriad interesting metal-organic coordination polymers that not only partially showed the role of the metal species in the synthesis of tetrazole compounds but also provided a class of complexes displaying interesting chemical and physical properties such as second harmonic generation (SHG), fluorescence, ferroelectric and dielectric behaviors. In this tutorial review, we will mainly focus on tetrazole coordination compounds synthesized by in situ hydrothermal methods. First, we will discuss the synthesis and crystal structures of these compounds. Their various properties will be mentioned and we will show the applications of tetrazole coordination compounds in organic synthesis. Finally, we will outline some expectations in this area of chemistry. The direct coordination chemistry of tetrazoles to metal ions and in situ synthesis of tetrazole through cycloaddition between organotin azide and organic cyano group will be not discussed in this review.

Tetrakis(4-chloroanilinium) hexachloridostannate(IV) dichloride

“…The study of ferroelectric materials has received much attention; some of them have predominantly dielectricferroelectric performance (Ye et al, 2006;Fu et al, 2007;Zhao et al 2008;Zhang et al, 2008;Ye et al, 2009). As a part of our work to obtain potential ferroelectric phase-transition material, we report herein on the crystal structure of title compound.…”

“…For phase transitions in ferroelectric materials, see : Zhang et al (2008); Zhao et al (2008); Ye et al (2006).…”

A new polymorph of 5,5′-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(1H-tetrazole)

“…For the synthesis of the title compound and for related structures, see : Chafin et al (2008); Diop et al (2002). For the application of tetrazole derivatives in coordination chemistry and energetic materials, see: Zhao et al (2008); Singh et al (2006).…”

“…Due to the rich coordination modes and high content of nitrogen, tetrazole compounds have been studied for more than one hundred years and widely applied in coordination chemistry (Zhao et al, 2008) and energetic materials (Singh et al, 2006). As an important derivative of tetrazole, 5,5′-ethane-1,2-diylbis(1H-tetrazole) has been utilized to construct functional and interesting coordination compounds owing to its flexible coordination modes.…”

Advances in synthesis of tetrazoles coordinated to metal ions

“…[71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80] The range of metal salts applied to the preparation of the tetrazole-containing coordination compounds constantly grows. However their efficiency is variable.…”