In Situ TEM Electrical Measurements

Canepa, Silvia; Alam, Sardar Bilal; Ngo, Duc‐The; Mølhave, Kristian; Ross, Frances M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-22988-1_10

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Therefore, focusing on environmental resonance as a response to a naturalistic degree of rhythmic complexity may expand our understanding of the mechanisms underlying coordinated behavior and temporal prediction and, most importantly, enhance the concept of ecological relevance. It is the quality of the experience that emerges from this coupling with the built environment that we refer to as 'natural attunement,' which is relevant to the discourse of perception of atmosphere (Canepa, 2022;Griffero, 2014) and the immediate gist of scene perception (Djebbara et al, 2019;Oliva and Torralba, 2006).…”

Section: Environmental Resonance In Real-world Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Natural Attunement: Shared Rhythms Between the Brain and the Environment

Charalambous¹,

Djebbara²

2023

Preprint

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Rhythms exist both in the body-brain and the built environment. Becoming attuned to the rhythms of the environment, such as repetitive columns, can greatly affect perception. Here, we explore how the built environment affects human cognition and behavior through the concept of natural attunement, often resulting from the coordination of a person's sensory and motor systems with the rhythmic elements of the environment. The article argues that the built environment should not be reduced to mere states, representations, and single variables but instead should be considered as a bundle of highly related continuous signals with which we can resonate. Resonance and entrainment are dynamic processes observed when a driven oscillatory system (e.g., the brain) oscillating at specific (intrinsic) frequencies is influenced by the dynamics of the driving system (e.g., an external signal). This paves the way for visual rhythmic stimulations of the environment to couple with and affect the brain and body through neural entrainment, cross-frequency coupling, and phase resetting. We discuss how environmental elements in actual architectural settings can affect neural dynamics, cognitive processes, and behavior in people. The article argues that the concept of rhythm is crucial in understanding the brain-body-environment relationships, and the inclusion of the built environment in ecologically valid experimentation is a necessary next step to understanding the brain in real-world settings.

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Section: Environmental Resonance In Real-world Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Natural Attunement: Shared Rhythms Between the Brain and the Environment

Charalambous¹,

Djebbara²

2023

Preprint

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“…And in situ measurement of magneto-electric properties in TEM magnetic imaging could help to describe this aspect [45][46][47]. Developments of TEM sample holders have enabled a new field of research in the study of functional nanomaterials and devices via electrical stimulation and measurement in TEM, particularly in TEM magnetic imaging [48].…”

Section: In Situ Magneto-electric Measurement In Ltemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to perform magnetotransport measurement in LTEM, a specimen holder capable of electrical measurement (biasing holder) is required. The biasing holder allows electrical voltage/current to be applied to the sample via electrical contact and the resistance of the specimen could be measured [48][49][50]. Combined with magnetic field applied during electrical measurement, magnetotransport measurement is presented as an example shown in figure 11.…”

Section: In Situ Magneto-electric Measurement In Ltemmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ transmission electron microscopy for magnetic nanostructures

Ngo

Kuhn

2016

Adv. Nat. Sci: Nanosci. Nanotechnol.

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Nanomagnetism is a subject of great interest because of both application and fundamental aspects in which understanding of the physical and electromagnetic structure of magnetic nanostructures is essential to explore the magnetic properties. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful tool that allows understanding of both physical structure and micromagnetic structure of the thin samples at nanoscale. Among TEM techniques, in situ TEM is the state-of-the-art approach for imaging such structures in dynamic experiments, reconstructing a real-time nanoscale picture of the properties–structure correlation. This paper aims at reviewing and discussing in situ TEM magnetic imaging studies, including Lorentz microscopy and electron holography in TEM, applied to the research of magnetic nanostructures.

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“…Such in situ measurements can help us develop nanodevices based on functional nanowires by providing an improved foundation for rational design. Direct correlation of the composition, structure and electrical characteristics of the nanowire component of a device is not straightforward using other measurement techniques [22]. Instead, in situ TEM measurements on pristine and processed nanowires will increasingly allow us to select nanowire parameters, for example by tuning the growth conditions or subsequently modifying the nanowire surface, that are best suited for optimal performance in a given device architecture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ TEM modification of individual silicon nanowires and their charge transport mechanisms

Alam¹,

Andersen²,

Panciera³

et al. 2020

Nanotechnology

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Correlating the structure and composition of nanowires grown by the vapour-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism with their electrical properties is essential for designing nanowire devices. In situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) that can image while simultaneously measuring the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of individual isolated nanowires is a unique tool for linking changes in structure with electronic transport. Here we grow and electrically connect silicon nanowires inside a TEM to perform in situ electrical measurements on individual nanowires at room temperature and high temperatures and upon surface oxidation. As-grown, the oxide-free nanowires have nonlinear I-V characteristics. We analyse the I-V measurements in terms of both bulk and injection limited transport models, finding Joule heating effects, bulk-limiting effects for thin nanowires and an injectionlimiting effect for thick wires when high voltages are applied. When the nanowire surface is modified by in situ oxidation, drastic changes occur in electronic properties. We investigate the relation between the observed geometry, changes in the surface and changes in electronic transport, obtaining information for individual nanowires that is inaccessible to other measuring techniques.

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In Situ TEM Electrical Measurements

Cited by 6 publications

References 81 publications

On Natural Attunement: Shared Rhythms Between the Brain and the Environment

On Natural Attunement: Shared Rhythms Between the Brain and the Environment

In situ transmission electron microscopy for magnetic nanostructures

In situ TEM modification of individual silicon nanowires and their charge transport mechanisms

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