In situ synthesized nano-copper over ZSM-5 for the catalytic dehydration of glycerol under mild conditions

Experimental and modelling approach to the catalytic coproduction of glycerol carbonate and ethylene glycol as a means to valorise glycerol

“…This vessel is provided with a heating resistor surrounding the outer diameter ( 3 ) connected to an OMRON E5CN PID temperature controller ( 4 ). The reacting mixture is stirred by a six-blade impeller ( 6 ) regulated by an IKA RW20 motor (200-20 0 0 rpm) ( 7 ). An opening ( 8 ) on the bottom of the vessel was made to allow for the introduction of the FBRM probe ( 9 ) and avoidance on any interference on the online droplet size distribution measurements.…”

“…The chemical features of glycerol have made it subject to very diverse transformations to obtain many interesting products, which have been accounted for in a significant number of thorough reviews [2,3] . Some examples of the synthetic pathways followed to valorise glycerol include esterification of different organic acids [4,5] , hydrogenolysis to 1,2-propanediol [6] or dehydration reactions [7] .…”

Theoretical and experimental evaluation of mass transfer limitation in gas phase dehydration of glycerol to acrolein over supported HSiW catalyst

“…(5), (10), (11), and (12), the C WP can be determined according to Eq. (9). Also, to evaluate the existence of the internal diffusion all the unknowns should be calculated at various catalyst pellet radiuses.…”

“…However, the importance of bio-based materials prevails today due to various environmental concerns and depletion of fossil fuel reservoirs in the near future [5][6][7][8]. There are many reports about bio-based glycerol dehydration to acrolein [9][10][11] and other value-added chemicals [12][13][14] over various homogeneous or heterogeneous acid catalysts. In heterogeneous catalytic system, full utilization of catalyst surface depends on the mass transfer limitations inside the pore structure in the pellets [15].…”

Synthesis and performance evaluation of silica-supported copper chromite catalyst for glycerol dehydration to acetol

“…The conversion of glycerol to other value-added commodity products are mainly based on processes like heterogeneous catalysis of hydrogenolysis, dehydration, etherification, etc. [3][4][5] Mario and Pagliaro 6 summarize twenty-two different possible ways to convert glycerol into valueadded products like polyhydroxylalkanoates, citricacid, hydrogen, 2'2-dimethyl-1'3-dioxolan-4-methylacetate, monoglyceride, etc.…”