In‐situ synthesis and adhesion method to prepare phosphorous–nitrogen compounds flame‐retardant wood pulp paper with high efficiency and durability

Abstract

Summary In the present work, flame‐retardant wood pulp paper (WPP) with high water resistance was fabricated through in‐situ synthesis and adhesion of flame retardant on the lignocellulose fibers. Through a simple solution spraying method, melamine (Me) and polyphosphoric acid solution were adequately permeated into interior lignocellulose fibers of WPP in turn and then reacted to produce water‐insoluble phosphorous–nitrogen melamine polyphosphate (MPP). The finally sprayed melamine formaldehyde prepolymer played the roles of flame‐retardant coating, adhesive agent, and water‐proofing layer, thus bonding MPP particles to the lignocellulose fibers firmly. This low‐cost and efficient treatment endowed WPP with excellent flame retardance and satisfactory durability. It showed that the modified WPP had a high limiting oxygen index value of 37.3%, and achieved B‐0 rating in vertical burning test, as well as greatly lowered the peak heat release rate and the total heat release. The flame‐retardant mechanisms of the modified WPP were analyzed and discussed. Moreover, the flame retardance kept well after 72 hours of water resistance test, showing good combination between the flame‐retardant particles and the lignocellulose fibers.

Advancements in flame-retardant strategies for lithium–sulfur batteries: from mechanisms to materials

“…111,112 Phosphoric acid will further dehydrate to generate metaphosphoric acid, which can dehydrate the polymer and promote carbonization to form a nonflammable carbonized layer to isolate the heat and oxygen to endow the cell with self-extinguished behavior. 113,114 Monisha and co-workers 50 reported the use of flame-inhibiting organo-sulfur copolymer eugenol/phosphazene/sulfur (EP@PPZ@S) as the cathode for LSBs (Fig. 3a).…”

Characterisation of the fire behaviour of wood: From pyrolysis to fire retardant mechanisms

“…The impregnation of the flame retardant solution greatly enhanced the fire performance of poplar wood and reduced the total smoke production. In a recent study, Zhang et al [ 87 ] prepared phosphorous–nitrogen melamine polyphosphate (MPP) by mixing phosphoric acid and melamine solution. The compound was water resistant and melamine served as a protective coating, adhesive material for bonding the flame retardant to the wood.…”