In situ study on CO2 evolution at lithium-ion battery cathodes

Vetter, Jens; Holzapfel, Michael; Wuersig, Andreas; Scheifele, Werner; Ufheil, Joachim; Novák, Petr

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.04.087

Cited by 60 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…4). The CO 2 evolution is due to the electrolyte oxidation, as demonstrated by us for a number of electroactive oxides elsewhere [14,15]). In contrast, for the overlithiated NMC oxide, both CO 2 and O 2 evolution is observed in the high voltage region but only during the first cycle.…”

Section: Demsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Direct evidence of oxygen evolution from Li1+x (Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3)1−x O2 at high potentials

et al. 2008

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Li 1+x (Ni 1/3 Mn 1/3 Co 1/3 ) 1-x O 2 (NMC) oxides are among the most promising positive electrode materials for future lithium-ion batteries. A voltage ''plateau'' was observed on the first galvanostatic charging curve of NMC in the extended voltage region positive to 4.5 V vs. Li/Li + for compounds with x [ 0 (overlithiated compounds). Differences were observed in the cycling stability of the overlithiated and stoichiometric (x = 0) NMC oxides in this potential region. A differential plot of the charge vs. potential profile in the first cycle revealed that, for the overlithiated compounds, a large irreversible oxidative peak arises positive to 4.5 V vs. Li/Li + , while in the same potential region only a small peak due to the electrolyte oxidation is detected for the stoichiometric material. Differential Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry (DEMS) was used to investigate the high voltage region for both compounds and experimental evidence for oxygen evolution was provided for the overlithiated compounds at potentials positive to 4.5 V vs. Li/Li + . No oxygen evolution was detected for the stoichiometric compound.

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Section: Demsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Direct evidence of oxygen evolution from Li1+x (Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3)1−x O2 at high potentials

et al. 2008

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“…All of these chemical and structural changes lead to a loss of lithium and active material within the battery causing an impedance rise that is directly related to capacity fade. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Due to the complicated nature of LIB aging processes, EIS has emerged as the primary nondestructive test method for evaluating the effects of LIB aging. 9 This method examines the impedance of the electrochemical system over a range of frequencies and determines the system response including capacitive and resistive characteristics.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Internal Pressure Evolution on the Aging of Commercial Li-Ion Cells

Matasso

Wetz

Liu

2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Utilizing a custom developed chamber, the internal pressure evolution of a commercial 2.6 Ah, LiFePO 4 //Graphite lithium-ion battery (LIB) was studied throughout elevated rate lifecycle testing. Verification tests confirmed the custom test chamber and puncture procedure resulted in minimal changes to the LIB performance. Capacity measurements and analysis confirmed the battery's accessible capacity faded 20% after 500 cycles as a result of the increase in DC Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR). Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) measurements and modeling analysis also established that minimal material change occurred within the LIB during lifecycle testing and the decreased capacity is believed to primarily result from the increase in battery ESR. Analysis of the battery's internal pressure evolution during the baseline discharges yielded information elucidating apparent electrode volume changes during the 1 C discharge. A strong statistically significant correlation was identified between the 1C molar density delta and the battery capacity fade. Differential capacity analysis was used to examine the correlation of the behavior with the de-intercalation process. The pressure data and molar density analysis indicated a reduction in the amount of lithium de-intercalated during discharge as a result of the rise in ESR and thus a measurable shift in the volume as the LIB ages.Over the last two decades, the demand for energy dense electrochemical storage devices has grown exponentially in response to the proliferation of portable electronics. This demand has expanded beyond energy density to include the need for power density as applications such as hybrid electric vehicles, full electric vehicles, aircraft backup power, grid-tie energy storage, and renewable energy emerge. While there are many electrochemical storage devices that work well in either energy or power applications, LIBs have led the way in combining both energy and power density making them the chemistry of choice for these demanding applications. These storage systems are typically driven by performance, cost, and safety. Due to these driving factors, an innovative evaluation of LIB life and failure prediction is needed. The complexity of LIBs creates a challenge to this evaluation and an investigation of the aging process further complicates the pursuit. A comprehensive review of the mechanisms of aging in LIBs was conducted for the FreedomCAR research initiative, and reports that the 'Capacity decrease and power fading do not originate from one single cause, but from a number of various processes and their interactions. Moreover, most of these processes cannot be studied independently and occur at similar timescales, complicating the investigation of aging mechanisms. 1 Numerous studies have examined the causes for capacity fade in LIBs and the result indicates that capacity fade is linked to chemical and structural changes within the battery. Electrolyte decomposition occurs contributing to the growth of passivation layers at the electrode...

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“…tives, and the radical-scavenging mechanism seems to be more acceptable [8]. To improve the performance of Li-ion cells, various other electrolyte additives have been investigated including vinylene carbonate (VC) [10][11][12], vinyl acetate (VA) [13,14], vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC) [1,[15][16][17][18], biphenyl (BP) [9,19], ethylene sulfite (ES) [20,21], and propylene sulfite (PS) [22]. Solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film also plays a beneficial role in improving the safety and cycleability of Li-ion batteries [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of vinyl acetate plus vinylene carbonate and vinyl ethylene carbonate plus biphenyl as electrolyte additives on the electrochemical performance of Li-ion batteries

Shim

Nam

Kim

et al. 2007

Electrochimica Acta

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In situ study on CO2 evolution at lithium-ion battery cathodes

Cited by 60 publications

References 7 publications

Direct evidence of oxygen evolution from Li1+x (Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3)1−x O2 at high potentials

Direct evidence of oxygen evolution from Li1+x (Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3)1−x O2 at high potentials

The Effects of Internal Pressure Evolution on the Aging of Commercial Li-Ion Cells

Effect of vinyl acetate plus vinylene carbonate and vinyl ethylene carbonate plus biphenyl as electrolyte additives on the electrochemical performance of Li-ion batteries

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