In Situ Stress Measurement Techniques on Li-ion Battery Electrodes: A Review

Abstract

Li-ion batteries experience mechanical stress evolution due in part to Li intercalation into and de-intercalation out of the electrodes, ultimately resulting in performance degradation. In situ measurements of electrode stress can be used to analyze stress generation factors, verify mechanical deformation models, and validate degradation mechanisms. They can also be embedded in Li-ion battery management systems when stress sensors are either implanted in electrodes or attached on battery surfaces. This paper reviews in situ measurement methods of electrode stress based on optical principles, including digital image correlation, curvature measurement, and fiber optical sensors. Their experimental setups, principles, and applications are described and contrasted. This literature review summarizes the current status of these stress measurement methods for battery electrodes and discusses recent developments and trends.

Analytical Solution for Coupled Diffusion Induced Stress Model for Lithium-Ion Battery

“…The electrode damage causes indirectly the increase of solid electrolyte interface (SEI) growth which in turn affects the battery performance and the available capacity [7]. Stress and strain due to insertion/extraction processes are recently investigated via in-situ measurements in battery electrodes [8][9][10]. However, the lack of experimental stress measurements in active material particles does not allow to validate the results derived in this work.…”

Comprehensive Aging Analysis of Volumetric Constrained Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells with High Concentration Silicon-Alloy Anodes

“…Over the past few years, only a handful of publications have dealt with the measurement and effect of stress induced by (de-)lithiation in various electrodes [3,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48]. A few researchers have successfully used stress measurements on pouch cells of various conventional chemistries for SoC [46,47] and SoH [45,46,48] estimations.…”

Anomalous interfacial stress generation during sodium intercalation/extraction in MoS 2 thin-film anodes

“…Recently, pascalammetry with operando microbattery probes was used to sense the stress in solid-state batteries ( 24 ). Although the stress developed in bulk electrodes/cell can be measured at the macroscale using techniques such as digital image correlation technology, curvature-measurement method ( 25 , 26 ), and fiber optic sensors ( 27 ), a sensitive measurement modality to explicitly probe the stress at a nanoscale due to intercalation into a 2D material has yet to be proposed.…”