In situ solution plasma synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon nanoparticles as metal-free electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction

Abstract

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by a facile solution plasma process without the addition of metal catalysts. Organic liquid mixtures of benzene and pyrazine were used as the precursors for the synthesis.

Facile Synthesis of Nitrogen and Sulfur Dual-doped Hierarchical Micro/mesoporous Carbon Foams as Efficient Metal-free Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

“…6B, the E onset of NS-MC1000 was located at 0.051 V, close to that of commercial Pt-C (0.086 V). This value is much higher than that of the lately reported nitrogen-doped carbon nanoparticles (À0.17 V) and nitrogen and sulfur co-doped mesoporous carbon vesicle (À0.16 V) [28,49] under the same experimental condition. Besides, it was clearly seen that the E onset , E 1/2 and j L of NS-MCs varied greatly with the annealing temperature.…”

Synthesis of graphitic-N and amino-N in nitrogen-doped carbon via a solution plasma process and exploration of their synergic effect for advanced oxygen reduction reaction

“…In general, selective synthesis of specific C-N bonding requires high temperature and pressure along with complicated instruments which makes the approach not economically favourable. [37][38] Recently, an emerging synthesis method, named solution plasma process (SPP), is specific for in situ heteroatom-doped carbon including synthesize N-doped [39][40][41][42] and/or B, P or Odoped carbon nanomaterials. [43][44] Previous findings from our group observed that crystallinity and graphitization of the synthesized carbon matrix increased significantly by introducing small amount of anthracene (C 14 H 10 ) as an additive in pure benzene.…”

Fastest Formation Routes of Nanocarbons in Solution Plasma Processes

“…In such systems, the plasma enables unique reactions such as C–H activation reactions at the interface between the solution and plasma, whereas conventional plasma induces random decomposition reactions. We have fabricated graphene, heterographene, nanocarbon sheets, and nanocarbon spheres via solution plasma from organic solutions containing solvents such as benzene, toluene, pyridine, or pyrazine60616263646566676869707172. Moreover, the reaction rate is substantially higher than the rates of other synthesis methods such as chemical vapor deposition and pyrolysis synthesis.…”