In situ scanning electron microscopy of graphene growth on polycrystalline Ni substrate

Takahashi, Katsuhiro; Yamada, Kazuki; Kato, Hitoshi; Hibino, Hiroki; Homma, Yoshikazu

doi:10.1016/j.susc.2011.12.009

Cited by 62 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In practice [14], [18], [22], [23], [24], the GCM structures which are grown on polycrystalline Ni surface are not uniform in thickness. The non-uniformity of thickness occurs due to the presence of two different ways of graphene growth on the Ni surface.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The non-uniformity of thickness occurs due to the presence of two different ways of graphene growth on the Ni surface. Monolayer or bilayer graphene on the polycrystalline Ni usually grows on the surface of large Ni grains with (111) or (011) orientation [18] and the absence of grain boundaries (i). In this case, carbon precipitates to the surface by diffusion of Ni directly through bulk Ni.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the surface of Ni sheets, GCM are seen as dark strips and rings. The contrast between these surfaces with and without GCM can be observed at a low SEM acceleration voltage (5 kV) [17], [18].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Synthesis of Graphenic Carbon Materials on Nickel Particles with Controlled Quantity of Carbon

Grehov

Kalnacs

Mishnev

et al. 2016

Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences

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A cheap, comparatively simple and effective method is proposed for the large quantity production of the sheets of graphenic carbon materials (GCM) by annealing the mixture of nickel powder with a suitable carbon amount at the temperatures close to 1000 ºC. The number of graphene layers in the sheets of GCM may be varied by altering the amount of carbon in the mixture and parameters of annealing and drying of the obtained products. Samples of GCM were prepared in the form of heat-dried GCM paper and in the form of graphene sponge with freeze-drying. The appearance of GCM on the surface of Ni particles was identified using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) at a low accelerating voltage of 5 kV. The thickness and properties of the layers were investigated by electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The fabrication processes were carried out at the concentrations of added carbon from 0 to 1 at%. The results obtained are fully consistent with the well-known solid phase reactions of carbon dissolution in Ni at 1000 °C and graphene or graphite precipitation on the surface with cooling down to the room temperatures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Synthesis of Graphenic Carbon Materials on Nickel Particles with Controlled Quantity of Carbon

Grehov

Kalnacs

Mishnev

et al. 2016

Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences

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“…For graphene, monolayer segregation processes [5] as well as nucleation processes [6] were observed on polycrystalline Ni surfaces by SEM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Microscopic Analysis of Graphene and Carbon Nanotube Growth

Homma

2017

JSA

Self Cite

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We have observed chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) by repeating ethanol exposure and observation without ethanol at an elevated temperature. The initial stage of SWCNT growth and their extension process were analyzed on the SiO2/Si substrate. On the patterned substrate, suspended SWCNT formation processes were successfully traced. Both the observations of growth on the substrate and that between mesa patterns suggest fluctuation of SWCNT growth direction during CVD cause SWCNTs falling on the substrate, forming nearest neighbor suspension and bundling. For graphene segregation on the nickel surface, the formation process could be observed by SEM, enabling preparation of layer-number defined graphene specimens useful for the researches of secondary electron image formation.

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“…When the supply of the source gas is stopped and start lowering the temperature of the catalyst, solved carbon atoms segregate on the catalyst surface and graphene nucleation occurs (b-3). For further temperature drop, lateral growth of the graphene and new nucleation at the interface between the graphene and the catalyst occurs simultaneously (b-4), which results in multilayer graphene on the cooled catalyst (b-5) [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<i>In</i>-<i>Situ </i>RHEED Study on Graphene Growth During Chemical Vapor Deposition

Nakahara

Fujita

Minato

et al. 2016

e-J. Surf. Sci. Nanotech.

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Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of graphene was investigated by using an in-situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED). A Si wafer covered with a 150 nm thick of SiO2 was used as a substrate, on which a 100 to 600 nm thick of metal (Cu, Co, Ni) was deposited as a catalyst (Cu is known as a metal with low carbon solid solubility, Co and Ni are known as metals with high carbon solid solubility). The substrate was heated up to 900• C and 0.1 Pa of ethanol was introduced as a source gas, and the RHEED pattern was monitored during the CVD process. As the result, a streak pattern, which was originated from 2-dimensional graphene, appeared immediately after the start of the growth for all kinds of catalysts. It was also revealed that the streak appearance time depends only on catalyst material, but not depends on their thickness. Therefore, even on the high carbon solid solubility catalysts, it was considered that graphene nucleation occurred directly on the catalyst surface without solution-segregation process of carbon atoms.

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In situ scanning electron microscopy of graphene growth on polycrystalline Ni substrate

Cited by 62 publications

References 25 publications

Synthesis of Graphenic Carbon Materials on Nickel Particles with Controlled Quantity of Carbon

Synthesis of Graphenic Carbon Materials on Nickel Particles with Controlled Quantity of Carbon

Microscopic Analysis of Graphene and Carbon Nanotube Growth

<i>In</i>-<i>Situ </i>RHEED Study on Graphene Growth During Chemical Vapor Deposition

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