In situ S-doped Co@NC catalyst for efficient and selective catalytic hydrogenation of nitroarenes

Shield Effect in Palladium@Graphene with Stability in Strong Acid and Sluggish H-Dissociation for Robust Coupling Hydrogenation–Bamberger Rearrangement of Nitrobenzene

“…The highest I D /I G value was attributable to a large number of defects in the partly graphitized carbon substrate, demonstrating that the introduction of sulfur into graphene-shell could cause more defects of the carbon framework within Pd@SOC. 28 In addition, in order to determine the surface function groups of S,N-doped graphene shell, the catalysts were analyzed by FT-IR (Figure S5). The related vibration bands about asymmetric stretching bands of ν(−NO 2 ) occurred at 1579 and 1312 cm −1 , and symmetric stretching bands of ν(−COO − ) occupied at 1385 cm −1 from the acidification of nitric acid, which showed that electronrichness on the surface in Pd@SOC catalyst was obtained.…”

“…As shown in Figure S5b, the I D / I G values for Pd/C, Pd@SC, and Pd@SOC were 0.83, 0.98, and 1.04, respectively. The highest I D / I G value was attributable to a large number of defects in the partly graphitized carbon substrate, demonstrating that the introduction of sulfur into graphene-shell could cause more defects of the carbon framework within Pd@SOC . In addition, in order to determine the surface function groups of S,N-doped graphene shell, the catalysts were analyzed by FT-IR (Figure S5).…”

“…The development of Pd-based catalysts for hydrogenation of NB to PAP has been intensively probed due to their excellent intrinsic activities for the reduction of nitro groups. − However, the poor stability and low abundance of noble metals suppress the extensive application of Pd-based catalysts. Herein, a large number of works have indicated that the graphite-shell encapsulated Pd nanoparticles (NPs) structure could hinder the inner metal poisoning and simultaneously activate the catalytic performance of inert graphite carbon due to the electronic transmission from the metal NP core. − The catalytic hydrogenation could be significantly influenced by the surface electronic architecture of graphite carbon, which could potentially depend on the type and ratio of encapsulated metal NPs. ,, Additionally, catalysts with an amorphous structure could usually offer more unsaturated atoms as effective active sites, which would be beneficial for increasing the catalytic activity . Analogously, it was widely demonstrated that the heteroatom (e.g., B, N, P, and S)-doped-graphite materials obtained enormous defect sites over the surface, which often reconstituted the electron, physical and chemical characteristics, facilitating the increase in catalytic performance .…”

“…24−29 The catalytic hydrogenation could be significantly influenced by the surface electronic architecture of graphite carbon, which could potentially depend on the type and ratio of encapsulated metal NPs. 26,28,30 Additionally, catalysts with an amorphous structure could usually offer more unsaturated atoms as effective active sites, which would be beneficial for increasing the catalytic activity. 31 Analogously, it was widely demonstrated that the heteroatom (e.g., B, N, P, and S)-dopedgraphite materials obtained enormous defect sites over the surface, which often reconstituted the electron, physical and chemical characteristics, facilitating the increase in catalytic performance.…”

Iron-Based Catalysts with Oxygen Vacancies Obtained by Facile Pyrolysis for Selective Hydrogenation of Nitrobenzene

“…With the promotion and implementation of the core concept of sustainable development, and the establishment of the long-term goal of carbon neutrality, researchers are dedicated to realizing the sustainable, green, and low-carbon conversion of organic compounds into high-value-added products . The hydrogenation process of nitroaromatic compounds into amines, , for instance, is recognized as a pivotal step in the production of both fine chemicals, such as medicine, dyes, pigments, etc., as well as bulk chemicals. − For an extended period, the predominant approach for large-scale production of aniline and its derivatives was extraction of aniline from nitroaromatic hydrocarbons using stoichiometry in acid conditions . Due to serious pollution and difficulty in product separation, it was gradually replaced by the catalytic reduction method using hydrogen as reductant and precious metal catalysts such as Pd, Pt, and Ru-based catalysts. , Clément G.A.…”