In situ Raman characterization of minerals and degradation processes in a variety of cultural and geological heritage sites

Gázquez, Fernando; Rull, Fernando; Sanz-Arranz, Aurelio; Medina, Jesús; Calaforra, J. M.; Heras, C. de las; Lasheras, Jesús

doi:10.1016/j.saa.2016.04.035

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…These factors are usually described macroscopically in the field and afterwards investigated microscopically in the laboratory. In fact, there are few studies dedicated to the in situ analysis of degradation and taphonomic processes of rock art pigments and rock supports [28][29][30]. portable Raman spectrometer to analyse rock art paintings under extreme conditions in Patagonia (Argentina) where a more detailed description of the literature and the possibilities of Raman spectroscopy on rock art paintings is given [11].…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-field Raman spectroscopy of Patagonian prehistoric rock art: Pigments, alteration products and substrata

Rousaki

Vargas

Vázquez

et al. 2018

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An extensive in situ Raman spectroscopic campaign was performed on archaeological sites in three different provinces in Patagonia, Argentina (Neuquén, Río Negro and Chubut). 16 open air shelters located in different environments (forests, ecotones, steppes) were investigated and interpreted in terms of pigments used and the identification of substrata. Special attention was given to the alteration products and accretions that were found on the rock art paintings of the shelters and on the surface of the rock walls, as they can affect and damage this magnificent works of art. Haematite (α-Fe 2 O 3) was the main chromophore that was found on the red paintings of the most of the shelters studied. The green earth glauconite, was identified only in one case, by using a red (785 nm) and a green laser (532 nm). Other minerals and silicates were found on the couloured areas but also on the rock support. Calcite (CaCO 3) and gypsum (CaSO 4 •2H 2 O) crystallization was identified on the paintings, crusts and rock surfaces, in combination or alone, and are associated with weathering. In some cases the shelters were so severely degraded that no Raman signal of pigments and/or other components could be retrieved. Calcium oxalates were also detected in several figures and motifs in different shelters.

show abstract

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-field Raman spectroscopy of Patagonian prehistoric rock art: Pigments, alteration products and substrata

Rousaki

Vargas

Vázquez

et al. 2018

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Raman spectroscopy was utilized to analyze various heritage materials [123][124][125][126], though it was particularly useful in the analysis of pigments [127][128][129][130] due to the easy access to the low wavenumber region (< 500 cm −1 ). Extensive databases of Raman spectra have been developed for identification of pigment phases: for example, a very useful on-line resource is the collection of spectra available at the UCL Department of Chemistry website (www.chem.ucl.ac.uk/resou rces/raman / index .html).…”

Section: Commonly Used Spectroscopic Techniques Infrared and Raman Spmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress in instrumental techniques for architectural heritage materials

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Both conservation and intervention methods must be compatible with each other and appropriate for the original building materials. Therefore, the characterization of historic building materials is indispensable for investigating chemical composition, micro-structure and morphological features to study the current condition, environmental influence and change mechanism due to natural aging or man-made decay processes. Given the great variety of chemicals which can be analyzed, complex problems related to architectural heritage materials are investigated via optimized methodologies. Among the existing techniques, optical microscopy (OM) is an inexpensive and dominating tool to obtain preliminary information on complex samples. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) can provide real three-dimensional topographies showing sample surface properties. Electron microscopes combined with energy dispersion X-ray analysis (EM-EDX) are the instruments specifically developed to acquire images of target materials at high magnification. Infrared and Raman spectroscopies are frequently used to characterize inorganic and organic compounds. Thermal analysis can rapidly and accurately measure changes in crystalline structure, dehydration and decomposition. X-ray based technologies have a wide range of applications as follows. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is one of the most frequently used techniques for elemental analysis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a fast and inexpensive technique for the characterization of man-made and natural materials. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is applied to quantify the valence and electronic levels of specific elements. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is a powerful technique for detecting the electronic structure of matter. UV-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy is also of great importance in architectural heritage, which can reveal different physicochemical mechanisms causing color. Laserinduced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) can effectively eliminate the pollution on the surface and detect the internal elements of the target material. Ion beam analysis can quantify trace elements with high sensitivity. Mass-based techniques are mainly applied to identify unknown organic substances at the molecular level. This review describes some classical applications of individual techniques and provides scientific support for scientists and engineers to make decisions in the context of architectural heritage.

show abstract

“…FIORE, 2005 1988) algo más tardía. Desde la segunda mitad de la década de los 90 del siglo XX comenzará a proliferar algo la caracterización de pigmentos (Vicent et al 1996;Martínez et al 1999), que crecerá con decisión a principios de siglo (García et al 2004;García et al 2006;Domínguez-Bella et al 2008) y que parece haber tomado, hoy día, un definitivo impulso (Hunt-Ortiz et al 2011;López et al 2012;Mas et al 2013;Roldán et al 2013;Rull et al 2014;Gázquez et al 2014).…”

Section: Estado De La Cuestiónunclassified

“…En cambio, los análisis realizados en las diferentes estaciones de arte paleolítico en Francia y España parecen estar dando lugar a un intento de sistematizar el uso de hematites o, en su defecto, óxido de hierro, o bien utilizar el término ocre solo en el contexto adecuado (Clottes et al 1990;Couraud, 1991;Chalmin et al 2002;Angeli, 2007;Bertola, 2008;Domínguez-Bella et al 2008;Balbín y Alcolea, 2009;Iriarte et al 2009;Menu, 2009;Moncel, 2009;Arias et al 2011;Gialanella et al 2011;Roebroeks et al 2012, Roldán et al 2013, Mas et al 2013, Gázquez et al 2014. Sin embargo, esto parece aún complicado por varios motivos.…”

Section: Figura 7 Hematites U Oligisto (4) Alfredo Cortell Nicolauunclassified

Ocre, hematites y óxido de hierro: el problema terminológico = Ochre, Hematite and Iron Oxid: The Terminological Issue

Nicolau

2016

ETFI

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Impreso en España · Printed in SpainEsta obra está bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional. 13 ResumenLos óxidos de hierro son prácticamente omnipresentes al analizar contextos, no solo referentes al arte rupestre, sino también en relación con toda una serie de actividades que podríamos considerar cotidianas en ambientes prehistóricos. Sin embargo, su estudio sistemático no ha comenzado hasta tiempos muy recientes. Fruto de ello, podría decirse que una parte de la literatura arqueológica no especializada en el campo de la pigmentología muestra, en ocasiones, cierta inexactitud terminológica. Con este documento pretendemos, a través de un análisis tanto de su funcionamiento, como de las propiedades geoquímicas y mineralógicas del ocre, la hematites y los propios óxidos de hierro, exponer la necesidad de propiedad en su nomenclatura, así como los problemas que podrían derivarse de la falta de precisión. Por último, establecemos algunas propuestas que tal vez pudieran ayudar en esta normativización. Palabras claveHematites; ocre; óxido de hierro; terminología; pigmentos. AbstractIron oxides are virtually omnipresent when analyzing contexts, not only referring to rock art, but also related to a whole series of activities, which we could consider as quotidian for prehistoric environments. Nevertheless, a systematic study of these has not started until recent times. As a result, it could be argued that a part of archaeological literature, not specialized on pigmentology, shows sometimes a certain lack of terminological accurateness. With this document we mean to, through an analysis both of the functioning and the geochemical and mineralogical properties of ochre, hematite and iron oxides themselves, expose the need for an appropriate terminology, as well as to show the problems derived from an 14ALFREDO CORTELL NICOLAU inadequate naming. Finally, we bring some proposals, which could maybe help on an appropriate terminological standardization.

show abstract

In situ Raman characterization of minerals and degradation processes in a variety of cultural and geological heritage sites

Cited by 22 publications

References 28 publications

On-field Raman spectroscopy of Patagonian prehistoric rock art: Pigments, alteration products and substrata

On-field Raman spectroscopy of Patagonian prehistoric rock art: Pigments, alteration products and substrata

Recent progress in instrumental techniques for architectural heritage materials

Ocre, hematites y óxido de hierro: el problema terminológico = Ochre, Hematite and Iron Oxid: The Terminological Issue

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About