In situ preparation of WO3/g-C3N4 composite and its enhanced photocatalytic ability, a comparative study on the preparation methods of chemical composite and mechanical mixing

Abstract

A facile and efficient WO /g-C N composite photocatalyst was developed by an in situ raw material decomposition method. The photocatalyst 3 3 4 was synthesized by direct heating low-cost ammonium tungstate and melamine together at the same time. The characterization and photocatalytic performance of the WO /g-C N chemical composite samples were compared with those from mechanical mixing. The characterization includes 3 3 4 X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), etc. The composite formed by the chemical method exhibited obviously better photocatalytic activity than the mechanical mixing sample under visible light irradiation. The possible mechanism for the enhanced catalytic efficiency may be due to the synergistic effect between the WO and g-C N tighter interface and the improved optical absorption in visible 3 3 4 region.

Single Tungsten Atom-Modified Cotton Fabrics for Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Degradation and Antibacterial Activity

“…Generally, metal oxides usually have a broad band gap, which can be only induced by ultraviolet light. Numerous research studies have been devoted to visible-light-driven photocatalytic applications via band alignment or plasmon resonance of noble metals. − Therefore, photocatalytic single sites with visible-light-driven capability are highly in demand in photocatalytic communities. Tungsten oxide is chosen in this work due to its appropriate band gap and good biocompatibility. − Additionally, inorganic materials on cotton are not the more the better due to their toxicity.…”

Exfoliated Boron Nitride (e-BN) Tailored Exfoliated Graphitic Carbon Nitride (e-CN): An Improved Visible Light Mediated Photocatalytic Approach towards TCH Degradation and H2 Evolution

“…The rapid increase in global population and industrial developments are major sources of calamities like shortage of energy and accelerated environmental pollution. − Visible light-driven photocatalysis is an emerging green tool that could efficiently degrade organic and inorganic pollutants to sustainable products and generate H 2 energy by splitting of water. − In 1972, Fujishima and Honda described the photoelectrochemical properties of TiO 2 towards the water-splitting reaction producing a green H 2 fuel . To date, many semiconductor-based photocatalysts have been developed such as metal oxides, sulfides, nitrides, metal-free polymeric materials, and heterostructured composites for the evolution of H 2 and degradation of different environmental pollutants. − However, these photocatalysts have restricted practical applications due to their reduced photon absorption efficiencies and low chemical conversion. Various techniques such as adsorption, coagulation, precipitation, advanced oxidation processes, nanofiltration, absorption, and semiconductor-based photocatalysis were developed to conquer environmental crises. − Among them, semiconductor photocatalysis has been recognized worldwide as one of the most favorable techniques to provide clean energy and green remediation towards environmental pollution because of its cost-effectiveness, nontoxicity, and renewable characteristics. − Traditional photocatalysts such as TiO 2 and ZnO are excited only under UV light, because of which their practical applications face some restrictions. − Therefore, visible light active metal-free polymeric nanostructured graphitic carbon nitride (CN) has attracted tremendous attention of researchers because of its suitable bandgap (∼2.7 eV), appropriate band structure, material stability under heat, high hardness, low cost, easy preparation method, and versatile optical and electrochemical properties and shows excellent photocatalytic behavior. , On the flip side, a low specific surface area (SSA) and an enhanced electron–hole recombination rate of bulk CN restricts its photocatalytic practical applications to a great extent. , The photocatalytic application of CN can be developed by some modifications like the band gap engineering, formation of a porous CN structure, exfoliation of CN, construction of a heterojunction, and so forth. − …”

Fabrication and characterization of a water purification system using activated carbon and graphene nanoplatelets: Toward the development of a nanofiltration matrix

“…Wastewater from industries contains various toxic chemical compounds such as metal ions, dyes, which can have detrimental effects on all life forms (Ali et al, 2019) (Lin et al, 2019) (J. Chen et al, 2018) (Xia et al, 2020) (Zhao et al, 2019) (Jadhav et al, 2020) (Yuan et al, 2020) (Wei et al, 2018). Some of the current technologies in the removal of such contaminants involve reverse osmosis, solvent extraction, chemical precipitation, adsorption, and others (Ali et al, 2019) (Carvallho et al, 2016).…”