“…Their XRD peaks match with standard LiFePO 4 values (PDF#40‐1499) excellently without any impurity, as shown in Figure 1d, indicating that all samples are crystalized sufficiently. The Raman spectra of three samples have two connected peaks at 1342 cm −1 and 1592 cm −1 , as shown in Figure 1e, corresponding to the D and G bands of carbon, respectively [45–46] . The carbon can enhance the electrical conductivity of as‐synthesized samples, which was derived from the carbonization of sucrose.…”
In Li‐ion batteries, the origin of memory effect in Al‐doped Li4Ti5O12 has been revealed as the reversible Al‐ion switching between 8a and 16c sites in the spinel structure, but it is still not clear about that for olivine LiFePO4, which is one of the most important cathode materials. In this work, a series of Na‐doped and Ti‐doped LiFePO4 are prepared in a high‐temperature solid‐state method, electrochemically investigated in Li‐ion batteries and characterized by X‐Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Magic‐Angle‐Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS NMR). Compared with non‐doped LiFePO4, the Ti doping can simultaneously suppress the memory effect and the Li‐Fe anti‐site, while they are simultaneously enhanced by the Na doping. Meanwhile, the Ti doping improves the electrochemical performance of LiFePO4, opposite to the Na doping. Accordingly, a schematic diagram of phase transition is proposed to interpret the memory effect of LiFePO4, in which the memory effect is attributed to the defect of Li‐Fe anti‐site.
“…Their XRD peaks match with standard LiFePO 4 values (PDF#40‐1499) excellently without any impurity, as shown in Figure 1d, indicating that all samples are crystalized sufficiently. The Raman spectra of three samples have two connected peaks at 1342 cm −1 and 1592 cm −1 , as shown in Figure 1e, corresponding to the D and G bands of carbon, respectively [45–46] . The carbon can enhance the electrical conductivity of as‐synthesized samples, which was derived from the carbonization of sucrose.…”
In Li‐ion batteries, the origin of memory effect in Al‐doped Li4Ti5O12 has been revealed as the reversible Al‐ion switching between 8a and 16c sites in the spinel structure, but it is still not clear about that for olivine LiFePO4, which is one of the most important cathode materials. In this work, a series of Na‐doped and Ti‐doped LiFePO4 are prepared in a high‐temperature solid‐state method, electrochemically investigated in Li‐ion batteries and characterized by X‐Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Magic‐Angle‐Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS NMR). Compared with non‐doped LiFePO4, the Ti doping can simultaneously suppress the memory effect and the Li‐Fe anti‐site, while they are simultaneously enhanced by the Na doping. Meanwhile, the Ti doping improves the electrochemical performance of LiFePO4, opposite to the Na doping. Accordingly, a schematic diagram of phase transition is proposed to interpret the memory effect of LiFePO4, in which the memory effect is attributed to the defect of Li‐Fe anti‐site.
“…After 200 cycles at 1C, the discharge capacity of CP 1 -LMFP/C is 115.8 mAh g –1 , the capacity retention rate is 95.5%, and the capacity of sample CP 0 -LMFP/C is 81.7 mAh g –1 , with a 86.5% capacity retention. The improvement of electrochemical performance of CP 1 -LMFP/C materials may be attributed to the decomposition of polystyrene microspheres during carbonization, resulting in finer particles and more uniform distribution of carbon coatings, which optimizes the lithium-ion diffusion channel. , Strikingly, the capacity of CP 0 -LMFP/C decreased and fluctuated slightly in the following dozens of cycles and finally stabilized at about 83 mAh g –1 , which may be due to the slight dissolution of the electrode material and the inevitable side reactions during the cycle, which is common in many electrode materials. , In the following cycles, the stability of capacity can be attributed to the gradual thinning and stability of SEI, , while the CP 1 -LMFP/C cycle is relatively stable, which may be benefited from the uniform coating of carbon to reduce the occurrence of side reactions. To investigate the impact of a composite organic carbon source on the material’s electrochemical capabilities, tests were conducted on the electrical properties of SP 0 -LMFP/C and SP 1 -LMFP/C samples.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…14,16 Strikingly, the capacity of CP 0 -LMFP/C decreased and fluctuated slightly in the following dozens of cycles and finally stabilized at about 83 mAh g −1 , which may be due to the slight dissolution of the electrode material and the inevitable side reactions during the cycle, which is common in many electrode materials. 43,44 In the following cycles, the stability of capacity can be attributed to the gradual thinning and stability of SEI, 45,46 while the CP 1 -LMFP/C cycle is relatively stable, which may be benefited from the uniform coating of carbon to reduce the occurrence of side reactions. To investigate the impact of a composite organic carbon source on the material's electrochemical capabilities, tests were conducted on the electrical properties of SP 0 -LMFP/C and SP 1 -LMFP/C samples.…”
In order to unlock the electrochemical performance ability of manganese-based lithium ferromanganese phosphate cathode materials, CP 1 −LiMn 0.8 Fe 0.2 PO 4 /C (coprecipitation) nanocomposites were prepared by introducing polystyrene nanospheres as templates and carbon sources into the coprecipitation method combined with a multistage carburizing heat treatment. In the processes of heat treatment, polystyrene nanospheres can not only build a conductive carbon layer and optimize the electron transport path but also refine the particles and inhibit the nanoparticle aggregation. The interconnected conductive carbon coating significantly improves the diffusion coefficient of lithium ions, which assists LiMn 0.8 Fe 0.2 PO 4 in lifting discharge specific capacity and cycle performance. The test results show that the as-prepared CP 1 −LiMn 0.8 Fe 0.2 PO 4 /C shows superior rate capability (130.5 mAh g −1 at 0.1C and 92.8 mAh g −1 at 5C) and capacity reversibility (95.5% after 200 cycles at 0.5C).
“…And we can also see in (b) that there are two peaks at 716.5 eV and 729.7 eV, the two weak peaks are due to the Fe energy level splitting, which leads to part of the orbital filling of the transition metal ions. [30][31][32][33] The XPS spectrum of Nb 3d is shown in Fig. 4c.…”
Ion doping is one of the primary means to enhance the properties of phosphate cathode materials. Here, the DFT+U method was used to determine the selection of ion doping sites from the energy band perspective and density of state. Further, different contents of niobium-doped LiMn0.6Fe0.4-xNbxPO4(0≤x≤0.2) were obtained by solid-phase method, synthesized samples were also measured and analyzed. The results show that the ion-doped modification principle is the introduction of impurity bands between the band gaps, and transition metal ions are more inclined to occupy metal sites. LiMn0.6Fe0.25Nb0.15PO4 possesses an excellent electrochemical performance, exhibiting a specific discharge capacity of 156.7 mAh g-1 at 0.2 C. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy proves that the electrochemical impedance of the sample is significantly reduced, and the lithium-ion diffusion coefficient increase after an appropriate amount of doping.
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