In situ measurement of absorption and emission cross sections in Er/sup 3+/-doped waveguides for transitions involving thermalized states

Optical properties of Er3+-doped alkali fluorophosphate glasses

“…Rare earth ions doped fluorophosphate glasses have been the subject of several spectroscopic investigations, due to their potential applications as planar waveguide amplifiers, short wavelength laser sources, optical amplifiers for telecommunications and solid-state frequency upconverters [1][2][3][4][5]. Especially, Er 3+ -doped glasses are attractive for numerous applications as microchip lasers [6,7], erbium doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems [8,9] and in medical applications [10,11].…”

Emission and absorption cross section spectra of Er3+ in LiNbO3 crystals codoped with indium

“…Figures 1-4 show the polarized green, red, and nearinfrared emission (black color curve) and deduced absorption (red color curve) cross section spectra of the electronic transitions between the ground state At first, we pay attention to the In-codoping effect on the spectral shape and polarization dependence. A comparison with the polarization-resolved cross section spectra of the only Er-doped LN bulk material and/or the Ti-diffused Er:LN strip waveguide structure [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]35 reveals that codoping with indium definitely affects the spectral shape or the polarization dependence of some transitions. For example, in Fig.…”

“…This can be done by analyzing the global fluorescence spectrum obtained by simply adding the p-polarized spectrum to twice the corresponding r-polarized one and doing normalization. 23 A method of 5% criterion in combination with identifying peaks related to extreme transitions of the involved band was utilized. A detailed analyzing procedure can be found in Refs.…”

“…Over the past years, much work on this subject has been done for the Er:LN single-crystal [17][18][19][20] or the Ti-diffused Er:LN strip waveguide. [21][22][23][24][25] For the ErIn-codoped LN crystal, however, the relevant study could not be found yet. In this study, we report polarized emission and absorption cross section spectra at all the above-mentioned typical transition wavelength regions of Er 3+ ions in the Er-In-codoped LN crystals, on which we have done the J-O study.…”

Bottom-up synthesis of up-converting submicron-sized Er3+-doped LiNbO3 particles

“…These luminescence bands are associated to the radiative connections from the 4 I 11/2 and 4 I 13/2 manifolds to the ground state, 4 I 15/2 . Additionally, this excitation wavelength opens an efficient population path for the upper Er 3þ -manifolds via the occurrence of several up-conversion processes [31,33,34]. These mechanisms are responsible for the red and green emission bands presented in Fig.…”