In-situ hydrothermal synthesis of three-dimensional MnO2–CNT nanocomposites and their electrochemical properties

Teng, Fei; Santhanagopalan, S.; Wang, Ying; Meng, Dennis Desheng

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.03.181

Cited by 62 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Interestingly, a dense rod type network of MWCNT that is entangled with the catalyst nanostructure appears on the catalyst layer of the HT. It is possible that the MWCNT network has a positive influence on the electric conductivity of the catalyst layer of the cathode surface [14]. One of the major constituents of the internal resistance of an MFC is the ohmic resistance of the electrode [1,3,5].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is possibly that the ohmic resistance of the HT cathode is reduced by the conductive MWCNT network entangled with the catalyst nanostructure ( Fig. 1a) [14]. The ohmic resistances of the CV and Pt cathodes are relatively high compared to those of the HT and MW cathodes.…”

Section: Internal Resistances Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The oxygen reduction catalyst is generally loaded on the cathode surface using different methods such as CV, pyrolysis, hydrothermal (HT), and MW methods. The method used is important because the oxygen reduction efficiency is significantly affected by the loading method [13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of the oxygen reduction catalyst loading method on the performance of air breathable cathodes for microbial fuel cells

et al. 2012

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This paper presents three different methods of hydrothermal (HT), microwave (MW), and cyclic voltammetry (CV) used to load a catalyst on a cathode surface. In the HT and MW methods, a multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) is used as a support material to fix the catalyst, while Nafion solution is used as a binder to load the catalyst on the cathode surface. For the third option, the CV method is used to directly load the catalysts on the cathode surface without any support material. The performances of the three cathodes are tested in an air breathable batch microbial fuel cell (MFC) and compared to that of a commercial carbon cloth cathode with platinum (Pt). The maximum power density of the MFC with the HT cathode is measured as 833 mW m -2 , which is higher than those of the CV and MW cathodes and slightly smaller than the MFC with the Pt cathode. The open circuit voltage of the MFC with the HT cathode is 610 mV, which is higher than those of MFCs with other cathodes, while the power density is higher than the MFCs of the MW and CV cathodes. In the case of the HT cathode, a conductive MWCNT network is well formed and entangled with the catalyst nanostructure of the cathode surface while the small ohmic and activation resistances of the HT cathode contribute to the good MFC performance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Internal Resistances Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of the oxygen reduction catalyst loading method on the performance of air breathable cathodes for microbial fuel cells

et al. 2012

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“…Recently, much attention has focused on the synthesis of 1D MnO 2 nanostructures because of its promising applications in catalysis, rechargeable batteries, ion sieves and supercapacitors [24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Up to now, various methods including sol-gel route, wet chemical method, template-assisted method and hydrothermal route have been developed to synthesise 1-D MnO 2 nanostructures [31][32][33][34][35][36]. Among these methods, the hydrothermal route is the most useful and efficient because the method can control the nanostructures by choosing the reaction temperature, concentration and time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile synthesis and magnetic properties of manganese dioxide nanowires

Du¹,

Zhang²

2012

Journal of Experimental Nanoscience

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A large number of MnO 2 nanowires were fabricated by a facile hydrothermal method. The nanowires have a tetragonal pyrolusite structure and a smooth surface. The common bulk defects such as dislocations, twinnings and stacking faults are not detected by HRTEM measurement. The magnetisation dependence of temperature indicates that the magnetisation, linearly and monotonically, increases with decreasing temperature in the range 300-80 K, revealing the paramagnetic properties of the nanowires. The first discharge capacity reaches 223.5 mA h g À1 , and the value of capacity steadily decreases during the following cycles, down to an acceptable 122.3 mA h g À1 after 25 cycles. The high surface ratio of nanowires is the main reason for the excellent discharge cycle property of the MnO 2 nanowires.

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“…Until now, most research works focused on the synthesis of 1D nanotube, nanowire, or nanorod of PANI and MnO 2 [28][29][30]. 3D nanostructured materials have got little attention [31,32]. The capacitive performance of 3D nanostructured PANI/MnO x composition has not been reported to the best of our knowledge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A three-dimensional nanostructured PANI/MnO x porous microsphere and its capacitive performance

et al. 2012

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Three-dimensional nanostructured polyaniline (PANI) and manganese oxide (MnO x ) composite porous microspheres were prepared by oxidizing aniline with KMnO 4 under interfacial chemical synthesis with 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP) as the structure-directing agent on the Au substrate. Surface morphology and chemical composition of PANI/MnO x microsphere were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermo gravimetric-differential thermal analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectrum. The result displayed that concentration of KMnO 4 played a key role in forming the 3D nanostructured porous microspheres. To obtain the regular shapes and uniform sizes of the porous microspheres, the optimal concentration of oxidant was 0.15 mol L -1 . The electrochemistry performances of PANI/MnO x microsphere were determined by cyclic voltammograms, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and galvanostatic charge-discharge. The specific capacitance of the 3D nanostructured PANI-MnO x porous microspheres exhibited a maximum value of 828 F g -1 at current density of 2 mA cm -2 over a potential range of 0.0-0.9 V versus SCE. It has improved 365 and 88 % comparing with that of PANI (178 F g -1 ) and MnO x (440 F g -1 ) obtained at the similar condition. The chargedischarge tests showed the PANI/MnO x microsphere possessed a good cycling stability. It maintained about 84.2 % of the initial capacitance after 1000 cycles at a current density of 2.0 mA cm -2 .

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In-situ hydrothermal synthesis of three-dimensional MnO2–CNT nanocomposites and their electrochemical properties

Cited by 62 publications

References 48 publications

Effect of the oxygen reduction catalyst loading method on the performance of air breathable cathodes for microbial fuel cells

Effect of the oxygen reduction catalyst loading method on the performance of air breathable cathodes for microbial fuel cells

Facile synthesis and magnetic properties of manganese dioxide nanowires

A three-dimensional nanostructured PANI/MnO x porous microsphere and its capacitive performance

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