In Situ Growth of Metal–Organic Framework HKUST-1 on Graphene Oxide Nanoribbons with High Electrochemical Sensing Performance in Imatinib Determination

Abstract

Metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) have been previously investigated as electrode materials for developing electrochemical sensors. They have usually been reported to suffer from poor conductivity and improvement in the conductivity of MOFs is still a great challenge. Here, we reported the fabrication of an electrochemical sensor based on the in situ growth of framework HKUST-1 on conductive graphene oxide nanoribbons (GONRs)-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) (HKUST-1/ GONRs/GCE). The as-fabricated modified electrode was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and Raman spectroscopy. The voltammetric response of HKUST-1/GONRs/GCE toward Imatinib (IMA), as an anticancer drug, is dramatically higher than HKUST-1/GCE because of the synergic effect of the GONRs and HKUST-1 framework. The calibration curve at the HKUST-1/GONRs/GCE for IMA covered two linear dynamic ranges, 0.04−1.0 and 1.0−80 μmol L −1 , with a detection limit of 0.006 μmol L −1 (6 nmol L −1 ). Taking advantage of the conductivity of GONRs and large surface area of HKUST-1, a sensitive modified electrode was developed for the electrochemical determination of IMA. The present method provides an effective strategy to solve the poor conductivity of the MOFs. Finally, the obtained electrochemical performance made this modified electrode promising in the determination of IMA in urine and serum samples.

Ni/Co Bimetallic Metal–Organic Frameworks on Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Oxide Nanoribbons for Electrochemical Sensing of Doxorubicin

“…According to this method, metal hydroxide films (for monometallic MOFs) or metal-layered double hydroxide (denoted as LDHs, for bimetallic MOFs) as the intermediate on the electrode surface can convert to corresponding MOFs in the presence of the linkers . In 2020, in the previous work of our group, the monometallic MOFs (HKUST-1 MOFs) based on this method were synthesized on the modified electrode . Recently, bimetallic MOFs as effective materials to fabricate electrochemical sensors have gained popularity.…”

HKUST-1 Metal–Organic Framework Nanoparticle/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite Aerogels for CO2 and CH4 Adsorption and Separation

“…Most of the advantageous properties found in these sorbents can be improved by building them as nanocomposite materials to achieve more sophisticated characteristics and, thereby, to increase their usability by integrating the unique properties of composing nanounits. Particularly, the category of composites made of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and GO has received tremendous attention in the past years. − On the one hand, the nanoporous MOF family is one of the most promising classes of solid materials selected, together with zeolites, for gas storage and separation. − On the other hand, GO is an easily processable nanomaterial with numerous surface oxygen groups favoring MOF attachment.…”

Electrochemical Probe of the Reduced Graphene Oxide Modified by Bare Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized Zr(IV)‐based Metal‐organic Framework for Detecting Nitrite

“…Calculated n value is 2, Ks value is 0.001426 cm/s. The value of α in the irreversible diffusion process of completely irradiation is 0.5 [39]. The remaining relevant parameters are shown in Table S1.…”