In situ fabrication of layered double hydroxide film immobilizing gold nanoparticles in capillary microreactor for efficient catalytic carbonylation of glycerol

Upgrading of Biobased Glycerol to Glycerol Carbonate as a Tool to Reduce the CO2 Emissions of the Biodiesel Fuel Life Cycle

“…Different HPLC pumps were not able to give a reliable flow, possibly due to the inability of check valves to promptly block the backflow. The addition of a high boiling point solvent such as DMSO was proposed as a solution [ 90 ], but we judge this practice undesirable as it nullifies the “solventless advantage” and makes the isolation of reaction products troublesome. Fortunately, the use of a peristaltic pump in addition to a heated mixing chamber (M, Figure 2 ) allowed us to obtain a steady flow of reactants.…”

“…Using the flow chemistry technique in small volume reactors, thanks to strongly increased heat and mass transfer, typically benefits enhanced reaction control with respect to batch processes, especially in fast reactions [ 91 ]. Nevertheless, the process under study ( Figure 1 ) features slow kinetics as evidenced by the long reaction times required for complete conversion, such as 2 h at 150 °C with microwave irradiation [ 89 ]; the meagre conversion obtained with reaction times of a few minutes, even with the implementation of a capillary reactor [ 90 ], gives evidence of that. Using a coiled 3 m long tubular reactor, we first tried to get the best conversion through a single pass, keeping flow at a minimum (0.2 mL/min) and evaluating increased temperatures.…”

Synthesis, properties, and application of the new nanocatalyst of double layer hydroxides in the one-pot multicomponent synthesis of 2-amino-3-cyanopyridine derivatives

“…There are various methods for the synthesis of LDHs, among which can be mentioned ion exchange, hydrothermal and co-precipitation methods. LDHs are neutral materials, the middle parts of the anion and the layers themselves have a positive charge, which have many applications in different fields due to their easy synthesis and the ability to replace and modify the hydroxide layers, which have attracted a lot of attention from researchers, such as adsorbents 7 , catalyst bases 8 , 9 , anion exchangers, water electrolysis 10 , energy storage 11 , 12 , sensors. The easy separation of heterogeneous catalysts such as bilayer hydroxides provides an easy and fast route for catalyst recovery, and catalyst recovery is valid both green chemistry and economically.…”