In situ erosion measurements on fine-grained sediments from the Bay of Fundy

Amos, Carl L.; Daborn, Graham R.; Christian, H A; Atkinson, Alexander; Robertson, A

doi:10.1016/0025-3227(92)90171-d

Cited by 189 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The erodibility of salmon aquaculture waste solids from different bottom substrates resembled that of a Type I (i.e. depth-limited) erosion (Amos et al 1992;our Fig. 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…4). In natural bottom sediments, the erosion of the seabed increases with increasing shear stress (Amos et al 1988, 1992, Maa et al 1998). The lack of erosion at higher shear stresses in this study occurred because of the fixed amount of waste available for erosion (Wiberg et al 1994, Law et al 2008our Fig.…”

Section: Substrate Typementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wave and current stress exerted on the seabed provide the work necessary to erode particles from the seabed, whereas particle size and mass, bed roughness, cohesion, porosity, consolidation, and biological activity control the erosion resistance of the seabed (Amos et al 1992, 1997, Maa et al 1998, Sanford & Maa 2001, Wiberg et al 2013. Overall understanding of cohesive sediment resuspension is incomplete because it is governed by not only hydrodynamic forces and the force of gravity, but also by cohesion, which depends on biological and electrochemical variables (Black et al 2002, Droppo et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…fluid lift) forces overcome the forces keeping a particle in contact with the bed (Wiberg & Smith 1987). The stress on the bed required to induce motion is the critical erosion shear stress, which is denoted τ crit (Einstein 1950, Partheniades 1962, Amos et al 1992, Tolhurst et al 1999). There have been many investigations of the erosion of non-cohesive (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been many investigations of the erosion of non-cohesive (e.g. Shields 1936, Soulsby 1997 and cohesive seabeds (Winterwerp 1989, Amos et al 1992, 1997. In the broadest terms, non-cohesive sediments have mean grain sizes > 63 µm, and cohesive sediments or 'muds' are dominated by fine-grained particles that are < 63 µm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Erodibility of aquaculture waste from different bottom substrates

Law¹,

Hill²,

Milligan³

et al. 2016

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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A laboratory study was carried out to examine the effect of bed sediment texture on the erodibility of salmon aquaculture waste fecal material and salmon feed pellets. Erodibility measurements of this material were made using a Gust microcosm erosion chamber and artificially composed substrates of mud, sand, sand and gravel, sand and cobble, and cobble. Results show that cumulative mass eroded (CME) and erodibility constant (M) can vary by up to an order of magnitude depending on substrate composition, with a mud substrate having higher CME and M values than those of substrates composed of sand, gravel and cobble. Findings from this study suggest that bottom sediment texture plays a major role in aquaculture waste resuspension and subsequent transport and that predictive models of the transport of aquaculture waste should include the erosion dynamics of bottom texture.

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“…The erodibility of salmon aquaculture waste solids from different bottom substrates resembled that of a Type I (i.e. depth-limited) erosion (Amos et al 1992;our Fig. 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Substrate Typementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Erodibility of aquaculture waste from different bottom substrates

Law¹,

Hill²,

Milligan³

et al. 2016

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Turbidity maximum formation in a well-mixed macrotidal estuary: The role of tidal pumping

Wang

Gao

et al. 2014

J. Geophys. Res. Oceans

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Traditionally, vertical circulation (induced by gravity circulation and tidal straining), tidal pumping, and resuspension are suggested as the major processes for the formation and maintenance of the estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM). Due to strong mixing, tidal pumping is considered as the dominating process in macrotidal estuaries. To analyze field observation data, the classical empirical decomposition method is commonly suggested, but the tidal pumping flux (TPF) based on this method may lead to erroneous conclusions about the mechanisms of ETM formation because the effects of advection induced by the horizontal SSC gradient and fine bed sediment supply are ignored. If these effects are included, the TPF clearly reproduces the convergence patterns and thus demonstrates its role in the formation of the ETM. By a simplified analytical solution, the TPF is the result of the competition between the downstream flux induced by the river current together with the lag in sediment response and the upstream flux induced by tidal asymmetry and the lag. Field observations in the well-mixed macrotidal Yalu River estuary (located between China and North Korea) were analyzed. Tidal pumping is identified as the dominant mechanism of its ETM formation, and the position of the ETM for different river discharges and sediment settling velocities can be predicted by the concept of tidal pumping by numerical and analytical procedures. The present study provides a typical example of how to evaluate the tidal pumping contributions on ETM formation using the combined information provided by field data, numerical modeling results, and analytical solutions.

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Role of wind in erosion‐accretion cycles on an estuarine mudflat

et al. 2017

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Wind is an important regulator of coastal erosion and accretion processes that have significant ecological and engineering implications. Nevertheless, previous studies have mainly focused on storm‐generated changes in the bed level. This paper aims to improve the understanding of wind‐induced erosion‐accretion cycles on intertidal flats under normal (nonstormy) weather conditions using data that relates to the wave climate, near‐bed 3‐D flow velocity, suspended sediment concentration, and bed‐level changes on a mudflat at the Yangtze Delta front. The following parameters were calculated at 10 min intervals over 10 days: the wind wave orbital velocity (Ûδ), bed shear stress from combined current‐wave action, erosion flux, deposition flux, and predicted bed‐level change. The time series of measured and predicted bed‐level changes both show tidal cycles and a 10 day cycle. We attribute the tidal cycles of bed‐level changes to tidal dynamics, but we attribute the 10 day cycle of bed‐level changes to the interaction between wind speed/direction and neap‐spring cyclicity. We conclude that winds can significantly affect bed‐level changes in mudflats even during nonstormy weather and under macro‐mesotidal conditions and that the bed‐level changes can be predicted well using current‐wave‐sediment combined models.

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In situ erosion measurements on fine-grained sediments from the Bay of Fundy

Cited by 189 publications

References 27 publications

Erodibility of aquaculture waste from different bottom substrates

Erodibility of aquaculture waste from different bottom substrates

Turbidity maximum formation in a well-mixed macrotidal estuary: The role of tidal pumping

Role of wind in erosion‐accretion cycles on an estuarine mudflat

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