In situ emission levels of carcinogenic and mutagenic compounds from diesel and gasoline engine vehicles on an expressway

Handa, Takashi; Yamauchi, Toshiyoshi; Sawai, Kazuhiro.; Yamamura, Takehira; Koseki, Yoshihiro.; Ishii, Tadahiro

doi:10.1021/es00130a002

Cited by 89 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…[4][5][6] NPAHs are known as strong mutagen/carcinogens. 7) Many epidemiological studies have shown that outdoor air pollution tends to be associated with the incidence of lung cancer and cardiopulmonary mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of 3,6-dinitrobenzo[e]pyrene in Surface Soil and Airborne Particles, and Its Possible Sources, Diesel Particles and Incinerator Dusts

Hasei

Watanabe

Endō

et al. 2009

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

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3,6-Dinitrobenzo[e]pyrene (3,6-DNBeP) is an extremely strong bacterial mutagen, and was recently identified in highly mutagenic surface soil samples. In a previous study, a sensitive analytical method was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and fluorescence detection. In this study, we analyzed 3,6-DNBeP in surface soil, airborne particles, diesel particles, and incinerator dusts using this analytical method to reveal the distribution of 3,6-DNBeP in the environment. 3,6-DNBeP was detected in all surface soil samples, and the mutagenic contribution ratio of 3,6-DNBeP to the mutagenicity of the soil extracts toward Salmonella (S.) typhimurium TA98 was 17.3% on average. A positive correlation was observed between the mutagenicity of surface soil and the amount of 3,6-DNBeP (r = 0.8653). 3,6-DNBeP was detected in airborne particles in the range of 19-76 fg/m 3 . The particle-size-distribution ratios of 3,6-DNBeP in <1.1, 1.1-2.0, 2.0-3.3, 3.3-7, and >7 µm of airborne particles were 13.1%, 13.8%, 37.0%, 19.1%, and 17.0%, respectively. 3,6-DNBeP was detected in diesel particles from general automobiles and industrial forklifts, and incinerator dusts. These results suggested that 3,6-DNBeP was a major mutagen in surface soil, and diesel engines and incinerators were possible sources of 3,6-DNBeP distributed in surface soil and air. This is the first report on the detection of 3,6-DNBeP in diesel particles and incinerator dusts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of 3,6-dinitrobenzo[e]pyrene in Surface Soil and Airborne Particles, and Its Possible Sources, Diesel Particles and Incinerator Dusts

Hasei

Watanabe

Endō

et al. 2009

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

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“…Human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels in motor vehicles and power plants, also generate particulate matter and emit it into the air. Mutagenic/ carcinogenic substances, for example, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), are also formed by incomplete combustion of organic material such as fossil fuel and emitted into the air from various anthropogenic sources (8)(9)(10)(11)). Therefore, the pollution level of ambient air in terms of particulate matter and mutagenic/carcinogenic substances is thought to depend on the extent of urbanization and industrialization of the subject area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Pollution with Particulate Matter and Mutagens: Relevance of Asian Dust to Mutagenicity of Airborne Particles in Japan

Watanabe

Hasei

Kokunai

et al. 2014

Genes and Environment

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“…However, the emissions of some more toxic compounds, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), from heavy-duty diesel engines (HDDEs), has attracted the attention of the public. [1][2][3] The mean contributions of PAHs in Taiwan are 49%, 14%, 22%, 12%, and 2% from vehicles (HDDE included), heavy oil combustion, natural gas combustion, coal combustion, and diesel combustion (diesel used as combustion fuel in boilers), respectively. Hence, vehicles are the major source of PAH emissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chemical composition and toxicity potencies of diesel engine emissions are known to be strongly affected by the fuel structures and operating conditions. 1,7,8 Both the effects of fuel content and operating conditions should be taken into account to evaluate the efficacy of various indices in managing PAH emissions. The International Agency for Research on Cancer has so far classified several PAH compounds into probable (2A) or possible (2B) human carcinogens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from the

Lin

Lee

Chen

2006

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Diesel fuels governed by U.S. regulations are based on the index of the total aromatic contents. Three diesel fuels, containing various fractions of light cycle oil (LCO) and various sulfur, total polyaromatic, and total aromatic contents, were used in a heavy-duty diesel engine (HDDE) under transient cycle test to assess the feasibility of using current indices in managing the emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from HDDE. The mean sulfur content in LCO is 20.8 times as much as that of premium diesel fuel (PDF). The mean total polyaromatic content in LCO is 28.7 times as much as that of PDF, and the mean total aromatic content in LCO is 2.53 times as much as that of PDF. The total polyaromatic hydrocarbon emission factors in the exhaust from the diesel engine, as determined using PDF L3.5 (3.5% LCO and 96.5% PDF), L7.5 (7.5% LCO and 92.5% PDF), and L15 (15% LCO and 85% PDF) were 14.3, 25.8, 44, and 101 mg L Ϫ1, respectively. The total benzo(a)pyrene equivalent (BaP eq ) emission factors in the exhaust from PDF, L3.5, L7.5, and L15 were 0.0402, 0.121, 0.219, and 0.548 mg L Ϫ1, respectively. Results indicated that using L3.5 instead of PDF will result in an 80.4% and a 201% increase of emission for total PAHs and total BaP eq , respectively. The relationships between the total polyaromatic hydrocarbon emission factor and the two emission control indices, including fuel polyaromatic content and fuel aromatic content, suggest that both indices could be used feasibly to regulate total PAH emissions. These results strongly suggest that LCO used in the traveling diesel vehicles significantly influences PAH emissions.

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In situ emission levels of carcinogenic and mutagenic compounds from diesel and gasoline engine vehicles on an expressway

Cited by 89 publications

References 23 publications

Determination of 3,6-dinitrobenzo[e]pyrene in Surface Soil and Airborne Particles, and Its Possible Sources, Diesel Particles and Incinerator Dusts

Determination of 3,6-dinitrobenzo[e]pyrene in Surface Soil and Airborne Particles, and Its Possible Sources, Diesel Particles and Incinerator Dusts

Air Pollution with Particulate Matter and Mutagens: Relevance of Asian Dust to Mutagenicity of Airborne Particles in Japan

Characterization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from the

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