In Situ Electrochemically Derived Amorphous‐Li<sub>2</sub>S for High Performance Li<sub>2</sub>S/Graphite Full Cell

Ye, Fangmin; Liu, Meinan; Xue, Yan; Li, Jia; Pan, Zhenghui; Li, Hongfei; Zhang, Yuegang

doi:10.1002/smll.201703871

Cited by 32 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…A lithium sulfide cathode can avoid the use of lithium metal anodes and pair with the lithium metal-free anodes (Si, Sn, graphite, transition-metal oxides, etc. [54][55][56][57][74][75][76][77][78][79]) to assemble the full cells. Si has a high theoretical capacity of 4212 mAh·g − 1 , which can pair with Li 2 S (1166 mAh·g − 1 ) to form a full cell with high energy density [54,55].…”

Section: Preliminary Exploration Of the LI 2 S Cathode In Full Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lithium Sulfide as Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Advances and Challenges

Zhou

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2020

Journal of Chemistry

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Due to the ever-growing demand for high-density energy storage devices, lithium-ion batteries with a high-capacity cathode and anode are thought to be the next-generation batteries for their high energy density. Lithium sulfide (Li 2 S) is considered the promising cathode material for its high theoretical capacity, high melting point, affordable volume expansion, and lithium composition. is review summarizes the activation and lithium storage mechanism of Li 2 S cathodes. e design strategies in improving the electrochemical performance are highlighted. e application of the Li 2 S cathode in full cells of lithium-ion batteries is discussed. e challenges and new directions in commercial applications of Li 2 S cathodes are also pointed out.

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Section: Preliminary Exploration Of the LI 2 S Cathode In Full Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Li 2 S/graphite full cell delivered an initial discharge capacity of 1006 mAh·g − 1 and a long cell life with 500 cycles[74]. However, the graphite anode is highly electrolyte-selective.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium Sulfide as Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Advances and Challenges

Zhou

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2020

Journal of Chemistry

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“…Recently, Zhang and co‐workers [ 93 ] reported an electrochemical conversion process, in which Li 2 S 8 catholyte could be in situ converted into amorphous Li 2 S. The constructed Li 2 S/graphite full‐cell delivered a high discharge capacity of 1006 mA h g −1 , indicating a high utilization of the amorphous Li 2 S.…”

Section: Cathodes Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reaction mechanism between lithium and graphite, following an intercalation/deintercalation process, has been extensively studied by various analytical techniques. [ 151 ] Zhang and co‐workers [ 93 ] designed an amorphous Li 2 S cathode formed in situ to pair with a graphite anode. The full‐cell delivered a high initial discharge capacity of 1006 mA h g −1 at 0.2C and a long cycle life over 500 cycles, indicating high utilization of the amorphous Li 2 S as cathode ( Figure 15 a).…”

Section: Anodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alkali‐Metal Sulfide as Cathodes toward Safe and High‐Capacity Metal (M = Li, Na, K) Sulfur Batteries

Yang

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

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In addition, sulfur is abundant on earth, and also very lowcost and environmentally benign. Similarly, the practical development of various alkali-metal-sulfur (M-S, M = Li, Na, and K) batteries has been hindered by a series of issues, which include: i) the polysulfide shuttle effect, which causes low capacity with limited cycle life [9,10] ; ii) the high reactivity of the alkali metal anodes, which presents safety issues, [11-13] and iii) the poor electronic conductivity of the sulfur cathode materials, which leads to low sulfur utilization and poor rate capability. [14,15] To address the above technical challenges for metal-sulfur batteries with sulfur powder-based electrodes, alternative solutions for the architectural design of sulfur electrodes must be pursued. Therefore, the development of discharged sulfur electrodes, indeed alkali-metal sulfide (M 2 S x) cathodes, has become very interesting and imperative. Compared to the mechanical disadvantage of sulfur powder-based cathodes, M 2 S x cathodes do not suffer from volume collapse, since their volume shrinkage during the initial charge process could generate enough space to accommodate the following volume expansion of sulfur during the discharge process, leading to more stable cycling performance for the M-S batteries. [16] In addition, as the metallized sulfur, M 2 S x cathodes have a huge natural advantage, in that they can be coupled with alkali metal-free anodes such as graphite or silicon (Si). Consequently, the fatal shortcircuiting caused by the excessive growth of dendrites on alkali metal anodes could be greatly adverted, creating safer and more stable M-S batteries. [17,18] Besides, the M 2 S x cathodes hold great promise for high energy battery system. For instance, Li 2 S has a high specific capacity of 1166 mA h g −1. [19] When coupled with Si anodes, Li 2 S-based Li-S batteries can deliver a high specific energy, which is four times of the LiCoO 2 /graphite system. [20] Therefore, the M 2 S x cathode-based M-S batteries could be applied as safe, cost-effective, high durable battery technology with comparatively high energy densities. Unfortunately, it is challenging to apply M 2 S x cathodes, which usually show high initial charge potential due to their high electronic resistivity and low ion diffusivity. [20] The low electronic and ionic conductivity of the M 2 S x cathodes also leads to low sulfur utilization and poor rate capability. [21] Moreover, the widely used ether-based electrolytes in M-S batteries could be decomposed at high potential, resulting in Rechargeable alkali-metal-sulfur (M-S) batteries, because of their high energy density and low cost, have been recognized as one of the most promising next-generation energy storage technologies. Nevertheless, the dissolution of metal polysulfides in organic liquid electrolytes and safety issues related to the metal anodes are greatly hindering the development of the M-S batteries. Alkali-metal sulfides (M 2 S x) are emerging as cathode materials, which can pair with various safe nonalk...

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Electrode Design for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: Problems and Solutions

Huang

Liu

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

231

136

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Pursuit of advanced batteries with high-energy density is one of the eternal goals for electrochemists. Over the past decades, lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) have gained world-wide popularity due to their high theoretical energy density and cost effectiveness. However, their road to the market is still full of thorns. Apart from the poor electronic conductivity of sulfur-based cathodes, LSBs involve special multielectron reaction mechanisms associated with active soluble lithium polysulfides intermediates. Accordingly, the electrode design and fabrication protocols of LSBs are different from those of traditional lithium ion batteries. This review is aimed at discussing the electrode design/fabrication protocols of LSBs, especially the current problems on various sulfur-based cathodes (such as S, Li 2 S, Li 2 S x catholyte, organopolysulfides) and corresponding solutions. Different fabrication methods of sulfur-based cathodes are introduced and their corresponding bullet points to achieve high-quality cathodes are highlighted. In addition, the challenges and solutions of sulfur-based cathodes including active material content, mass loading, conductive agent/binder, compaction density, electrolyte/sulfur ratio, and current collector are summarized and rational strategies are refined to address these issues. Finally, the future prospects on sulfur-based cathodes and LSBs are proposed.

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In Situ Electrochemically Derived Amorphous‐Li₂S for High Performance Li₂S/Graphite Full Cell

Cited by 32 publications

References 45 publications

Lithium Sulfide as Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Advances and Challenges

Lithium Sulfide as Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Advances and Challenges

Alkali‐Metal Sulfide as Cathodes toward Safe and High‐Capacity Metal (M = Li, Na, K) Sulfur Batteries

Electrode Design for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: Problems and Solutions

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In Situ Electrochemically Derived Amorphous‐Li2S for High Performance Li2S/Graphite Full Cell

Cited by 32 publications

References 45 publications

Lithium Sulfide as Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Advances and Challenges

Lithium Sulfide as Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Advances and Challenges

Alkali‐Metal Sulfide as Cathodes toward Safe and High‐Capacity Metal (M = Li, Na, K) Sulfur Batteries

Electrode Design for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: Problems and Solutions

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In Situ Electrochemically Derived Amorphous‐Li₂S for High Performance Li₂S/Graphite Full Cell