In situ determination of PCB congener-specific first order absorption/desorption rate constants using Chironomus tentans larvae (Insecta: Diptera: Chironomidae)

Novak, M.A.; Reilly, Andrew; Bush, Brian; Shane, L.

doi:10.1016/0043-1354(90)90007-s

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Absorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and phthalates was repeatedly overestimated, possibly because of biotransformation in gills and skin [29]. Most underestimations for arthropods refer to a field study on halobiphenyls and Chironomus tentans , where additional exposure via food may be have contributed to uptake [30].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The power of size. 1. Rate constants and equilibrium ratios for accumulation of organic substances related to octanol‐water partition ratio and species weight

Hendriks

Linde

Cornelissen

et al. 2001

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

216

339

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Most of the thousands of substances and species that risk assessment has to deal with are not investigated empirically because of financial, practical, and ethical constraints. To facilitate extrapolation, we have developed a model for accumulation kinetics of organic substances as a function of the octanol-water partition ratio (Kow) of the chemical and the weight, lipid content, and trophic level of the species. The ecological parameters were obtained from a previous review on allometric regressions. The chemical parameters, that is, resistances that substances encounter in water and lipid layers of organisms, were calibrated on 1,939 rate constants for absorption from water for assimilation from food and for elimination. Their ratio was validated on 37 laboratory bioconcentration and biomagnification regressions and on 2,700 field bioaccumulation data. The rate constant for absorption increased with the hydrophobicity of the substances with a Kow up to about 1,000 and then leveled off, decreasing with the weight of the species. About 39% of the variation was explained by the model, while deviations of more than a factor of 5 were noted for labile, large, and less hydrophobic molecules as well as for algae, mollusks, and arthropods. The efficiency for assimilation of contaminants from food was determined mainly by the food digestibility and thus by the trophic level of the species. A distinction was made between substances that are stable, that is, with a minimum elimination only, and those that are labile, that is, with an excess elimination probably largely due to biotransformation. The rate constant for minimum elimination decreased with the hydrophobicity of the substance and the weight of the species. About 70% of the variation was explained by the model, while deviations of more than a factor of 5 were noted for algae, terrestrial plants, and benthic animals. Labile substances were eliminated faster than isolipophilic stable compounds, but differences in laboratory elimination and accumulation were small compared with those in field accumulation. Excess elimination by vertebrates was faster than by invertebrates. Differences between terrestrial and aquatic species were attributed to water turnover rates, whereas differences between trophic levels were due to the food digestibility. Food web accumulation, expressed as organism-organic solids and organism-food concentrations ratios could be largely explained by ecological variables only. The model is believed to facilitate various types of scientific interpretation as well as environmental risk assessment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The power of size. 1. Rate constants and equilibrium ratios for accumulation of organic substances related to octanol‐water partition ratio and species weight

Hendriks

Linde

Cornelissen

et al. 2001

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

216

339

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Finally, because the exposures were carried out for a single time period, the possibility that all the PAH and PCB congeners had not reached steady state must be considered. Results from a study of the uptake of PCBs by C. tentans larvae from the water column suggest that, before steady state is reached, the lower chlorinated/lower molecular weight congeners (less than five chlorines) will be closer to equilibrium than the higher chlorinated/higher molecular weight congeners [32]. Therefore, the selective bioaccumulation of higher molecular weight PAHs and PCBs found in the present study will become more pronounced when all the PAH and PCB congeners reach steady state.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Similarity analysis of PAH and PCB bioaccumulation patterns in sediment‐exposed Chironomus tentans larvae

Wood

O’Keefe

Bush

1997

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Larvae of the aquatic insect Chironomus tentans (Insecta: Diptera: Chironomidae) were exposed at the third or fourth instar stage to sediments collected near the outfalls of two aluminum foundries and an aluminum fabrication plant. Biota and sediment bioaccumulation factors (BFs), based on wet tissue weights and dry sediment weights, ranged from 0.07 to 0.27 for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and from 0.22 to 1.42 for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). A higher rate of metabolism of PAHs compared with PCBs could explain the differences in BF values for the two groups of chemicals. It was found, using community similarity procedures from the field of ecology, that the congener patterns for PAHs and PCBs bioaccumulated by the larvae differed from the pattern of the same compounds in the sediments to which they were exposed. Affinity analysis indicated that the larvae favored the higher molecular weight PAH and PCB congeners. Preferential ingestion of sediments with defined particle size ranges, metabolism, and octanol/water partition coefficients (log Kow) are factors that may have influenced the bioaccumulation patterns. However, no single factor could adequately account for the differences between the larval and sediment patterns.

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“…1983). The K_ geometric mean of 11 tetra, and pentachlorobiphenyls is reported to be 0.73 for the same species (Novak et al 1990).…”

Section: Aquatic Oli_tementioning

confidence: 92%

Model of the PCB and mercury exposure of mink and great blue heron inhabiting the off-site environment downstream from the US Department of Energy Oak Ridge Reservation

Affairs.¹,

Suter²,

Hoffman³

1992

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An integral element of this analysis is the propagation of parameter uncertainty through the model. Two types of uncertainty are considered: (1) stochastic variability with respect to the predicted model endpoints (e.g., the distribution of doses and whole-body concentrations among individual herons and minks) and (2) knowledge uncertainty about either the true value or the true distribution of each model input parameter. As a result, probabilistic statements concerning the distribution of PCBs and mercury exposure within a given population of heron or mink are made, as well as statements regarding uncertainty about the true but unknown distributions and associated percentiles. Details of the model structures and sources of the parameter distributions are documented in Sects. 2 and 3. The results of the modeling effort are presented as the 90% confidence interval (CI) about the expected distribution of

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In situ determination of PCB congener-specific first order absorption/desorption rate constants using Chironomus tentans larvae (Insecta: Diptera: Chironomidae)

Cited by 17 publications

References 10 publications

The power of size. 1. Rate constants and equilibrium ratios for accumulation of organic substances related to octanol‐water partition ratio and species weight

The power of size. 1. Rate constants and equilibrium ratios for accumulation of organic substances related to octanol‐water partition ratio and species weight

Similarity analysis of PAH and PCB bioaccumulation patterns in sediment‐exposed Chironomus tentans larvae

Model of the PCB and mercury exposure of mink and great blue heron inhabiting the off-site environment downstream from the US Department of Energy Oak Ridge Reservation

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