In-situ detection of convection and rotation striations by growth interface electromotive force spectrum

Hydrodynamics and heat exchange of crystal pulling from melts. Part II: Numerical study of free convection mode

“…Laminar convection of different origins was studied: thermal gravity, thermocapillary and thermal gravity capillary [10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

“…if the temperature control system does not produce disturbance). Determination of theoretical stability limits is another problem of physical and numerical simulation [1,[13][14][15][16].…”

Upconversion luminescence and optical temperature-sensing properties of LiNbO3:Yb3+/Er3+ nanoparticles

“…Lithium niobate (LiNbO 3 ) is one of most widely used multifunctional materials for integrated optics due to its ferroelectric, piezoelectric and nonlinear optical properties. 7–9 Compared to a bulk single crystal, nanostructural LiNbO 3 provides more potential applications in miniaturization nanodevices due to its distinctive geometry and novel physical and chemical properties. 10 D. F. Xue successively synthesized sub-micrometer hollow spherical and rod-like LiNbO 3 via a solvothermal method in a water/ethylene glycol system and an amine-assisted hydrothermal method, respectively.…”

Hydrodynamics and heat exchange of crystal pulling from melts. Part I: Experimental studies of free convection mode

“…Solving the practical task to improve the quality of crystals and hence optimize single crystal melt growth process modes requires fundamental studies of melt hydrodynamics and complex conjugate heat and mass transfer in growth units of general type [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Out of the great variety of single crystal melt pulling techniques, various setups of the Czochralski technique are the most widely used, differing significantly in configuration, absolute and relative dimensions and temperature and heat fluxes distribution at crucible walls and bottom [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Due to the persisting worldwide tendency of growing larger diameter crystals and the increasingly strict requirements to crystal perfection, the problem of correlating the crystal growth conditions with the bulk crystallographic para-meters remains of utmost importance [4][5][6][7][8][16][17][18][19].…”

“…Out of the great variety of single crystal melt pulling techniques, various setups of the Czochralski technique are the most widely used, differing significantly in configuration, absolute and relative dimensions and temperature and heat fluxes distribution at crucible walls and bottom [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Due to the persisting worldwide tendency of growing larger diameter crystals and the increasingly strict requirements to crystal perfection, the problem of correlating the crystal growth conditions with the bulk crystallographic para-meters remains of utmost importance [4][5][6][7][8][16][17][18][19]. The quality of single crystals depends largely on the transport processes in the vicinity of the crystallization front (CF), including the local structure of the melt flow and the related features of radial and azimuthal distributions of local heat and impurity fluxes, temperature fluctuation amplitude and frequency range, and secondary flow scale distribution.…”